教育信息化驱动下中小学建筑教学空间设计研究

Research on Primary and Secondary School Teaching Space Design Driven by the Education Informatization

信息技术迅猛发展,对中小学教学模式及建筑设计产生了巨大影响,中小学建筑教学空间面临变革与发展.本文梳理了国内外教育信息化方面政策方针,总结了教育信息化的基本概念,论证教育信息化对于中小学教学模式升级的驱动机制,针对新型教学模式下中小学建筑教学空间设计提出了新的功能诉求,并结合实证分析提出中小学教学空间的设计策略,以期完善中小学建筑设计理论并为中小学教学空间营建提供参考.

Education infor matization, which began in the early 1990 s, refers to the comprehensive application of big data, cloud computing, block chain, artificial intelligence, speech recognition, neuroscience and other modern information technologies in the field of education to promote education reform and the process of development. Since the beginning of the new century, with the country’s emphasis on education informatization, relevant policy formulation has emerged. Information technology has developed rapidly, which has had a tremendous impact on the teaching modes and architectural design of primary and secondary schools. The supply mold of traditional education, the school system, the form of teaching space can no longer meet the needs of the information society. The teaching mode and architecture design of primary and secondary schools have been greatly affected by the rapid development of information technology;also, the teaching space of primary and secondary schools is facing change and development. In this paper, in response to the above developments and the problems existing at the current stage, the policies of education informatization in China and abroad are reorganized, summarizes the basic concepts of education informatization, demonstrates to the driving mechanism of education informatization for the upgrade of teaching modes in primary and secondary schools, and then puts forward the new demands of teaching space design in primary and secondary schools under the new teaching mode. Based on status survey and case analysis, this paper aims to propose the design strategies of teaching space in primary and secondary schools so as to build an informatizationed primary and secondary school. The teaching space design of primary and secondary schools will provide theoretical guidance and practical reference for further design.Firstly, it puts forwards the driving mechanism of education informatization for the upgrade of teaching modes in primary and secondary schools. The technological revolution with information technology has led to big changes in industrial structure. The use of multiple teaching media, the implantation of integrated information technology and the optimization of physical environment have all led to the changes of the fundamental way of knowledge production, knowledge acquisition and knowledge dissemination in primary and secondary schools. Teaching goals, teachers’ roles, learning methods have gradually changed in the upgraded teaching mode, students and teachers have an interactive relationship with information technology. Secondly, it should meet the new demands of teaching space design in primary and secondary schools under the new teaching mode. Teaching space finally needs new demandswith the upgrade of the teaching mode, and the scope of the teaching space is not limited to the teaching area composed by individual classrooms. The design of teaching space will no longer be a simple architectural design problem, but a multi-disciplinary problem which integrates information technology, education, architecture and so on. The construction of teaching space in primary and secondary schools under the innovative teaching mode should be able to meet the various functional activities such as teaching, independent learning, group discussion, and performance, which include formal learning and informal learning. The boundaries between these venues are separated by flexible furniture and foldable partitions. The design of teaching space will be more flexible and the interactive control of the environment will make the teaching space more suitable for the physical environment. Furthermore, it proposes the design strategies of teaching space in primary and secondary schools under the new mode. 1) Intelligence integration of teaching space makes closed teaching space turned into flexible extension. With the advent of the 5 G era, the construction of the wireless campus enables students to have easy access to the network anytime and anywhere in primary and secondary schools. There are digital terminal devices for students to use in any type of teaching space. Therefore, the design of teaching space in primary and secondary schools should be able to meet the needs of flexible use of students and teachers, the traditional closed teaching space turned into flexible extension. 2) Mixed age teaching space makes the coexistence of same grade and different grade mode come into reality. Education will be carried out on the digital platform. Students can use information technology to dig out all the high-quality resources of the whole society to build an open teaching space pattern in primary and secondary schools. Teaching will not be restricted by factors such as place, curriculum, age, etc. Therefore, there will not only be traditional teaching groups of the same grade in the teaching space, but also the coexistence of teaching groups in the same grade and different grade will become the organizational structure of the teaching space system in the future. 3) Humanization of teaching space with interactive design to create a friendly learning environment. Education informatization provides a basic guarantee for the physical environment comfort in primary and secondary schools. The intelligent design of interactive devices in the space design enables the space itself to have adjustable functions. The stable network that can be transmitted quickly ensures primary and secondary schools’ environment. Real-time monitoring of the soft environment can form a mutual feedback mechanism between teaching and environment.