引信内部装药对烤燃试验响应的影响

Fuze Internal Charge Affects on Cook-off Test Response

针对引信内部装药对引信不敏感性影响不清晰的问题,通过有限元分析不同装药下引信在烤燃条件下的响应过程和规律。采用ABAQUS软件仿真,应用炸药多步热分解反应数学模型模拟炸药热分解过程,研究了快速烤燃与慢速烤燃两种情况下,装药中钝感剂的比例以及装药种类对引信不敏感性的影响。研究结果表明,钝感剂的比例从2.5%上升到15%,点火温度、壳体温度和点火时间的变化都在0.4%以内,几乎没有影响。当使用TATB作为传爆药时,相较于原引信的钝化黑索今,慢速烤燃试验条件下点火温度和壳体温度提升了80K左右,点火时间延长了55.4%,快速烤燃试验条件下,点火温度和壳体温度提升了超过100K,点火时间延长了50.3%,显著提高了引信的热安全性。同时当升温速率由3.3K/h提升至0.05K/s时,点火位置由导爆药处变为传爆药柱顶部。慢速烤燃和快速烤燃试验条件下,均无需考虑钝感剂/粘合剂的占比影响。换用更为钝感的炸药时,为了适应点火位置的变化,也可能要对引信结构进行改进。

Aiming at the problem that the fuze insensitivity influence of the internal charge was not clear,finite element analysis was carried out with different charge.The response and law of the fuze under cook-off were studied.ABAQUS was used to study the influence of mass fraction of insensitive agents and the type of charge on insensitivity of the fuze under fast and slow cook-off.A multi-step thermal decomposition model for explosives was employed to simulate the exothermic effects of explosives during decomposition.When the proportion of insensitive agent increased from 2.5%to 15%,the ignition temperature,shell temperature and ignition time changed within 0.4%with little effect.However,when using TATB as booster,the ignition temperature and the shell temperature under slow cook-off increases by about 80 K,and the ignition time was extended by 55.4%compared with that using insensitive RDX of the original fuze.Under fast cook-off,the ignition temperature and the shell temperature increased by more than 100 K,the ignition time was extended by 50.3%,thus,the thermal safety of the fuze was significantly improved.When heating rate increased from 3.3 K/h to 0.05 K/s,the position of ignition spot changed from the detonating charge to the top of booster explosive.It was not necessary to consider the influence of the proportion of desensitizing agent/adhesives when the fuze was under slow or fast cook-off test.When changing to a more insensitive charge,it might be necessary to improve the fuze structure to adapt the ignition position changes.