精养鱼种池理化特点生物相及其与鱼产量关系的研究 Ⅰ、水化学和初级生产力

Studtes on Relationship Amony Fish Productivity Chemical-Physical Characteristics and Biological Phase in Dense Fingrling Fish-pond

笔者1989年5～9月用颗粒饵料培育大规格鲤鱼种的鱼池的理化特点,初级生产力及其对鱼产量影响进行了初步研究。该鱼池主要离子含量较高,平均含量达1.73 g/l;pH偏碱性,较稳定,硬度高,碱度较高;有效氮含量平均为2.46 mg/l,其中铵氮占39.2％,亚硝酸态氮占3.75％,硝酸态氮占57.5％,溶解性磷酸盐平均含量为0.095mg/l,N/P为13～144,平均为43。溶解氧平均为7.5mg/l。磷酸盐的含量没有构成初级生产力的限制因子,5～9月其平均水柱月初级毛产氧量为14.18 g/m^2·d,水柱毛产氧量大于水柱耗氧量。平均透明度为20cm,平均补偿深度为84cm,为前者的4.2倍,池水氧气的消耗情况是,池鱼约占25.26％,水呼吸约占57.86％,底质约占11.78％。氧气来源约77.81％靠光合作用,22.19％靠空气溶解和水源补给。以上条件均对鱼产量产生很大影响,鱼产量平均为6507.1 kg/ha,饵料系数平均为1.31。

This paper deals with Chemical-physical Characteristics,primary productivity and fish output in pellet feeding fish-pond in which large-norms of carp fingering are cultivated.The experement was carred out from May to suptember in 1989 at Urmqi aquaculture farm. The content of main ions is high in these ponds.PH is stable,slightly alkaline. The average centent of totel nitrogen is 2.4mg/l, including 39.2% of ammonia,3.75% of nitris and 57.7% of nitiate. Soluble phosphate is 0.095mg/l.N/P 13-144 average 43,dissoivcd oxygen 7.5mg/ l,during May to suptember, primaray gross output of oxygen isl4.18g/ m.m24h. Average diaphenaty is 20cm, average thidkness of compinsative layer is 84cm, their ratio is 4.2,The fish cosumes 25.26% of oxygen in pond,the water resperation (outotroph,hctcrophand organiec) 57.8%, pond base 11.78%. About 77.81% of oxygen comes from Photosynthesis, other 22.19% from air and replenish water. Averege output of fish is433.9 km / mu.