细颗粒物和气温对北京市昌平区儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的交互影响

Interaction between PM2.5 and air temperature on daily hospital visits of children due to respiratory disease in Changping district, Beijing

目的定量评估细颗粒物(PM2.5)和日平均气温对医院儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的交互影响。方法收集2014-2017年北京市昌平区某医院儿科门诊资料、PM2.5、二氧化硫(SO2)、二氧化氮(NO2)浓度资料及气象资料,采用分布滞后非线性模型中的反应平面图法和温度分层法评估PM2.5和气温对儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的交互影响。结果采用温度的P25,P75分位数将温度分为低温层、适宜温度层和高温层后,累积滞后14 d,PM2.5每升高10μg/m3,儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的相对危险度为1.003(0.994~1.011)、1.015(1.007~1.023)和1.039(1.021~1.057),与适宜温度相比,高温时PM2.5对儿科呼吸系统疾病门诊总量的影响更大(P<0.05)。结论 PM2.5和高温对儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的影响有交互作用,温度越高,PM2.5对儿科呼吸系统疾病日门诊量的影响越大。

Objective To understand the interaction between fine particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter <2.5 μm(PM2.5) and air temperature on the daily hospital visits of children due to respiratory disease in Changping district of Beijing.Methods The data of daily hospital visits of children were collected from a hospital in Changping, and the relevant meteorological data and air pollution data, including PM2.5, SO2 and NO2 concentrations, in Changping from 1 st of January 2014 to 31 st of December 2017 were also collected. Based on the distributed lag non-linear model(DLNM) with quasi-Poisson link,response surface model and stratified model were used to investigate the potential interactions between air pollution and air temperature on daily hospital visits of children due to respiratory disease. Results At low, moderate, and high temperature layers stratified by the mean temperatures of 25 th and 75 th percentiles, a 10 μg/m3 increase of PM2.5 concentration resulted in the relative risks of 1.003(0.994–1.011), 1.015(1.007–1.023) and 1.039(1.021–1.057), respectively, for total hospital visits due to respiratory disease in children on lag 0–14 days. The adverse effect of PM2.5 increased obviously under higher air temperature(P<0.05). Conclusion There was an obvious interaction between PM2.5 and high temperature on hospital visits due to respiratory disease in children, the adverse effect of PM2.5 on hospital visits due to respiratory disease in children were more obvious when air temperature was high.