我国股东代表诉讼制度的完善路径——基于333个案例样本的分析

Approaches to Improving China’s Shareholder’s Derivative Suit System Based on the Analysis of 333 Cases

为强化股东对公司业务的监督权,我国于2005年修订《公司法》中确立了股东代表诉讼制度。本文基于对333个有效案例的梳理,发现关于股东代表诉讼的案件数量呈逐年上升趋势。几乎所有的案例都发生在有限责任公司中,关于股份有限公司的案例屈指可数。为充分发挥该制度应有的作用,应当放宽股份有限公司中原告的持股比例,修改诉讼费用规定,明确豁免前置程序的范围,新设公司“不起诉理由书”制度。扩大股东查阅权范围,实行举证责任倒置,以应对股东取证难之困境。在单一股东代表诉讼的基础上,构建符合我国国情的双重代表诉讼制度。

In order to strengthen the shareholders'business supervision power,the shareholders'derivative suit system was established in the revised Company Law in 2005 in China.Based on the analysis of 333 effective cases,this paper finds that the number of shareholder derivative suit cases is increasing every year.Almost all cases occurred in limited liability companies while only two cases are concerned with companies limited by shares.In order to make the system work,the proportion of the plaintiff's'shares in the company limited by shares should be raised,the amending of the regulations of litigation costs are required,and clarifying the scope of exemption from pre-procedure and establishing a new company's"non-prosecution reasons"system are needed.Expanding the scope of shareholders'rights of access and inverting the burden of proof is necessary to deal with the difficult situation of shareholders'obtaining evidence.The double derivative suit system which conforms to China's national conditions should be constructed based on the single shareholder derivative suit system.