自然保护区生态保护与发展研究进展与展望

Research Progress and Prospect of Ecological Protection and Development in Nature Reserves

建立自然保护区是保护自然资源和生物多样性、维护生态平衡、促进人类与自然协调发展的有效途径。文章从自然保护区建设与管理的重要性出发,对学者们关于社区发展视角下的生物多样性保护、自然保护区生态补偿机制、自然保护区保护成效以及中国自然保护区管理体制4个方面进行了全面综述。在此基础上,分析了保护与发展研究领域的发展趋势,包括自然保护区建设与周边社区居民福祉的关系、自然保护区政策的有效性以及多学科交叉、研究方法组合运用3个方面。通过跟踪保护与发展的研究进展,认为中国自然保护区的建设与管理既要不断健全管理体制,又要创新符合中国国情的运行机制。

The establishment of nature reserves is an effective way to protect natural resources and biodiversity,maintain ecological balance and promote the coordinated development of mankind and nature.Based on the importance of the construction and management of nature reserves,this paper gave a comprehensive review on current studies from the perspective of community development,including the biodiversity conservation,the ecological compensation mechanism,the protection effect of the nature reserves and the management system of the nature reserves in China.Furthermore,it analyzed that the development trend of protection and development research,including the relationship between the nature reserve construction and the surrounding community residents’welfare,the effectiveness of the nature reserve policy and the interdisciplinary and research methods.By tracking the progress of conservation and development,the research suggested that the construction and management of nature reserves in China should not only improve the management mechanism of nature reserves,but also innovate the policy system of nature reserves.