摘要
准确识别老年人服务需求是社区居家养老服务发展的基础性环节。在我国社区居家养老服务发展中,由于服务精准性欠缺、供需错位等问题,导致有效需求难以满足、潜在需求难以释放和服务资源的闲置与浪费。其关键原因之一,是尚未突破原有"需求"的解释框架,忽略了"需求"所蕴含的"依赖性-期待性"内在构成,造成需求识别的偏差。依据"需要-想要"的形态分析,发现当前老年人服务需求在整体层面存在"需要-想要"的失衡,并呈现突出的需求层次性、动机差异性特征;群体需求之间存在明显的梯次性变化,且存在不同形式的区域性差异。建议以"依赖性"为标准,提升服务对象的靶向精准、服务内容的识别精准和供需匹配精准,并依据"短期-长期"两种路径保证优先满足策略的实现。
Accurately identifying the demand for services of the elderly is essential in developing community home-based care services.However,poorly-targeted services and supply-demand mismatch result in unmet effective demands,unleashed demand potentials,wasted and unused resources.Being confined to the old explanatory framework of"demand"and ignoring the"dependence-expectation"element embedded in"demand"result in errors in identifying demands.Based on the analysis of"needs-wants",this paper finds that there is an imbalance of"needs-wants"at the overall level of the service demand for the elderly,and there are obvious different levels of demand,differences in motivations,different demand among groups and various forms of regional differences.The paper suggests to adopt"dependency"as a criterion to enhance the targeting of the service recipients,improve targeted services and supply-demand matching.In addition,it is necessary to prioritizing a demand satisfying strategy in the short run and the long run.
作者
侯冰
Hou Bing(School of Public Administration,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)
出处
《社会保障评论》
CSSCI
2019年第3期147-159,共13页
Chinese Social Security Review
基金
国家自然科学基金面上项目“社区基本养老服务可及性研究”(71573089)
河南省哲学社会科学规划项目“河南省城市失能老人社区居家养老服务实现路径研究”(2019CSH020)
河南省高校哲学社会科学创新团队(2020-CXTD-09)
河南省教育厅人文社会科学研究一般项目“河南省社区居家基本养老服务可及性研究”(2020-ZZJH-249)
关键词
社区居家养老服务
需求层次
满足策略
community home-based care service
demand levels
demand satisfying strategy
