俄罗斯小麦高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)分析及评价

Analysis and Evaluation of High Molecular Weight Glutenin Subunits(HMW-GS)in Russian Wheat

为了解俄罗斯小麦种质资源的品质遗传基础,本研究利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(SDS-PAGE)对高分子量麦谷蛋白亚基(HMW-GS)组成进行研究。结果表明:俄罗斯小麦在Glu-A1位点具有1、2*和Null三种等位变异,Glu-B1位点具有6+8,7+8,7+9,13+16,14+15和17+18六种等位变异,Glu-D1位点具有2+12和5+10两种等位变异。俄罗斯小麦麦谷蛋白亚基组成共有20种,其中,以2*、7+9、2+12,2*、7+9、5+10和1、7+9、5+10为主,占比分别为28.65%、27.49%和14.63%,其他HWM-GS组成占比低于3.51%。根据Payne评分标准对俄罗斯小麦品质进行评价,评分范围5~10,评分为10的HWM-GS组成有6个,分别为1、7+8、5+10,2*、7+8、5+10,1、17+18、5+10,2*、17+18、5+10,1、13+16、5+10和1、14+15、5+10,分别占比3.51%、2.34%、2.34%、1.75%、0.58%和0.58%。这些数据可以看出俄罗斯春小麦优质亚基变异较为丰富,而且,优质麦谷蛋白亚基13+16、14+15、17+18在东北春小麦中罕见,为改良当地小麦品质提供了重要的种质资源。

In order to understand the genetic basis of the quality of Russian wheat germplasm,the composition of high molecular weight glutenin subunits(HMW-GS)was studied by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDS-PAGE).The results showed that there were three types of variation(N,1 and 2*)at the Glu-A1 locus,6 types variation(6+8,7+8,7+9,13+16,14+15 and 17+18)at Glu-B1 sites,and 2 types variation(2+12 and 5+10)at Glu-D1 locus in Russian wheat,20 HMW-GS composition was found in Russian wheat,of which 2*,7+9,2+12,2*,7+9,5+10 and 1,7+9,5+10 were the main components,accounting for 29.24%,28.07%and 15.20%respectively.Other HWM-GS components account for less than 3.51%.Quality of Russia wheat was evaluated according to Payne scoring.The composition of HMW-GS which score was 10 points included 1,7+8,5+10,2*,7+8,5+10,1,17+18,5+10,2*,17+18,5+10,1,13+16,5+10,and 1,14+15,5+10 accounting for 2.92%,1.75%,2.34%,0.58%and 0.58%,respectively.High-quality glutenin subunits 13+16,14+15 and 17+18 were rare in spring wheat region in Northeast China,which provide germplasm resources for improving local wheat quality.