2015年中国食管癌发病和死亡情况分析

Analysis of incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in China, 2015

目的 分析2015年中国食管癌的发病与死亡情况.方法 通过数据质量审核和评估,将2015年中国31个省(自治区、直辖市)所辖368个肿瘤登记处的食管癌数据纳入研究.根据2015年全国人口数据,计算2015年食管癌发病和死亡情况,并采用2000年中国标准人口和Segi's世界标准人口进行标化计算(中标率、世标率).结果 368个登记处覆盖人口309 553 499人,占全国2015年年末人口的22.52%.2015年全国食管癌估计新发病例约24.57万例,发病率、中标率和世标率分别为17.87/10万、11.14/10万、11.28/10万;估计死亡病例约18.81万例,死亡率、中标率、世标率分别为13.68/10万、8.33/10万、8.36/10万.男性发病和死亡的中标率(16.50/10万和12.66/10万)均高于女性(5.92/10万和4.17/10万);农村发病和死亡的中标率(15.95/10万和11.67/10万)均高于城市(7.59/10万和5.87/10万).结论 我国食管癌的发病率和死亡率均高于全球平均水平,且存在城乡和性别差异.

Objective To estimate the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer in China in 2015. Methods Based on the data quality review and assessment, the esophageal cancer data from 368 cancer registries in 31 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) in China were included in this study. According to the national population data in 2015, the nationwide incidence and mortality of the esophageal cancer were estimated. Chinese standard population in 2000 and world Segi's population were used to calculate the age-standardized (ASR) incidence and mortality rates (ASR China and world, respectively). Results The 368 cancer registries covered a total of 309 553 499 populations in China, accounting for 22.52% of the national population. There were 245 651 new esophageal cancer cases estimated in China in 2015, with a crude incidence rate of 17.87/100 000. The ASR China and ASR world were 11.14/100 000 and 11.28/100 000, respectively. The estimated number of esophageal cancer death was 188 044 in China in 2015, with a crude mortality rate of 13.68/100 000;The ASR China and ASR world mortality rates were 8.33/100 000 and 8.36/100 000, respectively. The ASR China incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in males were higher in males (16.50/100 000 and 12.66/100 000) than those in females (5.92/100 000 and 4.17/100 000), and they were higher in rural areas (15.95/1100 000 and 11.67/100 000) than those in urban areas (7.59/100 000 and 5.87/100 000). Conclusion The incidence and mortality of esophageal cancer in China are higher than the global average. The disparity of the incidence and mortality rates of esophageal cancer significantly differed in genders and areas.