CTAB-SCA改性钠基蒙脱土/橡胶复合材料的增强-阻燃机制

Reinforcement-flame retardant mechanism of CTAB-SCA modified Na-montmorillonite/rubber composites

以钠基蒙脱土(Na-M)为研究对象,十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(CTAB)和硅烷偶联剂KH550(SCA)为改性剂,去离子水和无水乙醇为溶剂,制备CTAB-SCA改性Na-M,并作为橡胶填料。研究CTAB与去离子水质量比、SCA与无水乙醇质量比、炭黑与CTAB-SCA改性Na-M质量比对CTAB-SCA改性Na-M/橡胶复合材料力学性能和阻燃性能的影响。利用SEM、XRD和FTIR分别测试CTAB-SCA改性Na-M/橡胶复合材料微观形貌、矿物组成和组成结构。结果表明:炭黑与CTAB-SCA改性Na-M质量比为20∶30、CTAB与去离子水质量比为13.5∶1050、SCA与无水乙醇质量比为0.30∶15时制备的CTAB-SCA改性Na-M/橡胶复合材料具有良好的力学性能和阻燃性能,拉伸强度为18.9MPa,撕裂强度为42.9kN·m-1,极限氧指数为31.51%。CTAB-去离子水混合液可以降低CTAB-SCA改性Na-M片层间的极性,提高其亲油性。SCA-无水乙醇混合液与CTAB-SCA改性Na-M表面的羟基发生化学作用,提高其分散性。CTAB-SCA改性Na-M/橡胶复合材料中炭黑是主要增强物质,CTAB-SCA改性Na-M是主要阻燃物质和辅助增强物质。

With Na-montmorillonite(Na-M)as the research object,cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide-silane coupling agent KH550(CTAB-SCA)modified Na-M was prepared by using CTAB and SCA as the modifier and deionized water and absolute ethyl alcohol as the solvent.The influences of the mass ratio of CTAB and deionized water,the mass ratio of SCA to absolute ethyl alcohol and the mass ratio of carbon black to CTAB-SCA modified Na-M on the mechanical performance and flame retardant performance of CTAB-SCA modified Na-M/rubber composites were explored.The microscopic morphology,mineral composition and composition structure were characterized by SEM,XRD and FTIR,respectively.The results show that the prepared CTAB-SCA modified Na-M/rubber composite has good mechanical performance and the flame retardant performance(tensile strength is 18.9MPa,tear strength is 42.9kN·m-1 and limit oxygen index is 31.51%)when the mass ratio of carbon black to CTAB-SCA modified NaM is 20∶30,the mass ratio of CTAB to deionized water is 13.5∶1050and the mass ratio of SCA to absolute ethyl alcohol is 0.30∶15.The mixture of CTAB-deionized water can reduce the polarity between slice layers of CTABSCA modified Na-M to improve lipophilicity.The mixture of SCA-absolute ethyl alcohol with surface hydroxyl of CTAB-SCA modified Na-M in chemistry improves dispersion.The carbon black is the main reinforcing material,CTAB-SCA modified Na-M is main flame retardant and auxiliary reinforcing composites in CTAB-SCA modified Na-M/rubber composites.