中国在非洲海外利益保护私营化初探

A Preliminary Study on Privatization of China’s Overseas Interests Protection in Africa

近年来,随着中非合作的持续深入,赴非洲的中资企业和公民越来越多,中国在非洲的海外利益增长迅速。在中资企业和公民频繁遭遇安全暴力事件,以国家为中心的传统安全供给模式效果有限,以及中资企业和公民安全意识增强的背景下,中国私营安保公司逐渐参与维护本国在非洲的海外利益。这些私营安保公司在人员配备、公司规模和主营业务等方面的状况各有不同,呈现出安保服务客户来源多元化、地理分布相对集中、安保发展模式形式灵活,以及与西方国家和非洲本土私营安保公司存在差异等特点。尽管具有独特优势,但中国私营安保公司在非洲拓展业务时也面临着政府政策滞后、行业自身业务能力不强等内部因素限制,以及部分非洲国家质疑和排斥、与西方发达国家和非洲本土私营安保公司争夺市场等外部挑战。鉴于此,中国私营安保公司应注重增强行业自律和竞争力,同时与政府加强沟通互动,切实维护好我国在非洲的海外利益。

In recent years,with the continuous advancement of China-Africa cooperation,more and more Chinese-funded enterprises and citizens rush to Africa,and China's overseas interests have grown rapidly in Africa.Under the background that Chinese-funded enterprises and citizens encounter with security violence events frequently,traditional state-centric security supply mode has limited effect and Chinesefunded enterprises and citizens have the increasing awareness of security,Chinese private security companies gradually devote to safeguarding China's overseas interests in Africa.These private security companies differ in terms of staffing,company size and main business line,which are characterized by a diversified source of security service clients,a relative concentration of geographical distribution,a flexible form of security development mode and differentiations from the counterparts in Western countries and Africa.Despite unique advantages,Chinese private security companies are not only restricted by such internal factors as lagging governmental policies and handicapped industry capabilities,but also are challenged by such external factors as doubt and rejection from some African countries and rivalry against private security companies in Western developed countries and Africa for the market shares.In this regard,Chinese private security companies should prioritize enhancing industry self-discipline and competitiveness,strengthen communication and interaction with the governments,and effectively protect China's overseas interests in Africa.