新疆地图衣属地衣分类学研究

Taxonomic Study on Rhizocarpon in Xinjiang, China

该研究以新疆的地图衣科(Rhizocarpaceae)地图衣属(Rhizocarpon)100余份地衣标本为材料,通过形态解剖学观察、化学成分分析及分子学鉴定的方法了解新疆地图衣属地衣的物种多样性。结果表明:(1)鉴定出7种地图衣属地衣,包括1个中国新记录种,命名为淡黄色地图衣(R.atroflavescens),6个常见种分别是黑红地图衣(R.badioatrum)、灰地图衣(R.disporum)、双孢地图衣(R.geminatum)、地图衣(R.geographicum)、巨地图衣(R.grande)和岩表地图衣(R.superficiale)。(2)编制了新疆22种地图衣属地衣的分种检索表。(3)系统发育分析结果表明,新疆地图衣属地衣的分子鉴定与形态解剖特征结果一致,更准确地证明淡黄色地图衣为中国新记录种。(4)对已报道的新疆22种地图衣属地衣的地区分布及海拔分布统计显示,新疆22种地图衣属地衣在世界各地均有分布,其中亚洲分布最丰富;该22种地图衣属地衣从低海拔到高海拔都有分布,且各海拔高度物种分布不均匀,总体在高海拔地区分布的物种较多。

In this study,more than 100 samples of Rhizocarpon in Xinjiang were used as materials to study the species diversity of Rhizocarpon in Xinjiang by morphological and anatomical observation,chemical composition analysis and molecular identification.The results obtained from this study are as follows:(1)seven species of Rhizocarpon distributed in Xinjiang were identified,including one newly recorded species named R.atroflavescens,and six common species,namely,R.badioatrum,R.disporum,R.geminatum,R.geographicum,R.grande and R.superficiale.(2)A sub-species search table for 22 kinds of Rhizocarpon in Xinjiang was compiled.(3)The phylogenetic analysis of Rhizocarpon in the genus Caryopsis showed that the results of molecular identification were consistent with those of morphological and anatomical characteristics,and the new recorded species in China was more clearly identified as pale yellow Caryopsis.(4)The regional distribution and elevation distribution of 22 species of Rhizocarpon in Xinjiang were analyzed.The results show that the 22 species of Rhizocarpon are distributed all over the world,with Asia being the most abundant.The 22 species of Rhizocarpon are distributed from low to high altitudes,but not distributed evenly,more species distributed in the high altitude range.