河南省郑州市景观格局与生态承载力相关关系研究

Relationship between Landscape Pattern and Ecological Carrying Capacity in Zhengzhou City,Henan Province

以平原重要中心城市郑州市为例,探究景观格局与生态承载力之间的内在相关关系,以期从生态学的角度上对郑州市的可持续发展提供科学建议。通过RS和GIS软件获取2001、2008、2016年郑州市3期土地利用类型图,选取10个景观指数进行景观格局定量分析;结合生态足迹模型,对这3 a郑州市的生态承载力进行研究;运用SPSS软件计算郑州市景观指数与生态承载力的相关性指数,得出二者的相关关系。结果表明:1)由景观格局指数分析结果发现,2001-2016年间郑州市的建设用地、其他用地的总体面积持续大幅度上升,耕地、林地、水域这3种土地利用类型面积持续减少。郑州市景观类型破碎程度持续增加,生态环境处于恶化的情形中。2)郑州市生态足迹呈增加趋势,生态承载力呈直线下降趋势。郑州市生态环境处于生态赤字状况中,生态系统服务功能处于不可维持状态。3)通过SPSS进行相关关系分析得知,NP、GYRATE_AM、LPI、SHAPE_AM、SHDI、SHEI指数与生态承载力呈极显著相关,MPS指数与生态承载力呈显著相关。研究结果为提高生态承载力提供更多方法,为郑州市城市可持续规划提供更多科学的建议。

Taking Zhengzhou City,an important key city in central China plain as an example,this paper explored the internal relationship between landscape pattern and ecological carrying capacity to provide scientific and beneficial suggestions to the sustainable development of Zhengzhou from the perspective of ecology.Through RS and GIS software to make land utilization type pictures of phase Ⅲ of Zhengzhou in the years of 2001,2008 and 2016,10 landscape indices were selected for quantitative analysis of landscape pattern.Based on the ecological footprint model,the ecological carrying capacity of Zhengzhou in the three years was investigated.SPSS software was used to calculate the correlation indices between landscape index and ecological carrying capacity.The results were as follows:1) Landscape index analysis showed that the total area of other land use and construction land use in Zhengzhou continued to increase by a large margin during 2001-2016,and the total area of cultivated land,forest land and water area continued to decrease.The degree of landscape fragmentation in Zhengzhou continued to increase,and the ecological environment was deteriorating.2) The ecological footprint of Zhengzhou increased first and then decreased,and the ecological carrying capacity showed a decreasing trend.The environment of the city was in the state of ecological deficit,and the function of ecological service was unsustainable.3) SPSS coupling analysis demonstrated that relative indices,such as NP,GYRATE_AM,LPI,COHESION,SHAPE_AM,SHDI,SHEI were extremely correlated with ecological carrying capacity,and MPS index was significantly correlated with ecological carrying capacity.The results would provide more methods for improving ecological carrying capacity.Suggestions for Zhengzhou city sustainable planning were put forward.