“右节点提升”构式的在线认知及韵律阐释

An Online Cognitive and Prosodic Approach to Right Node Raising Construction

本文认为,“右节点提升”(Right Node Raising,RNR)不是句法现象,而是约定俗成的构式。但与讨论较多的及物构式、双及物构式等静态模板构式(Goldberg 2006)不同,RNR代表着一类动态构式,其形式表征不能完全由NP,V和VP等词汇短语类完成,而是由更加抽象、相当于一套构式建构的动态指令完成。我们同意Larson(2016)的观点,即听者对该构式的识解采取的是一种动态在线策略,而不是依靠传统上的离线静态表征。本文提出,对于RNR这种特殊构式的识解不能仅考虑句法结构,而是须要纳入动态在线的对比焦点、重音分配、工作记忆和注意力转移等认知视角,以使我们能够更加全面地理解RNR现象。本文提出的RNR构式动态在线认知阐释策略不仅可以解释常规RNR现象,还能解释对多重统领(MD)等句法理论造成严重挑战的特殊RNR现象。

This paper holds that Right Node Raising(RNR)is not a syntactic phenomenon,but a conventionalized construction.Different from the well-discussed static template constructions like transitives or ditransitives(Goldberg 2006),RNR embodies a category of dynamic constructions,the representation of which cannot be achieved in terms of lexical categories like NP,V and VP,but instead more in terms of a set of structure-building instructions.We agree with Larson(2006)that listeners resort to a kind of online strategy in interpreting RNR,rather than to traditional offline static representations.The paper proposes that,with regard to RNR,it is necessary not only to consider syntactic structure,but also to consider online operations of contrastive focus,stress distribution,working memory and shift of attention,in order to fully interpret RNR.The dynamic online cognitive interpretation(OCI)strategy for RNR construction proposed in this paper can not only explain normal RNR,but can also explain the special RNR expressions that pose severe challenges to multidominance syntactic theory.