美国高校学术写作教学研究及启示

A study of academic writing teaching in American universities and its implications

本文运用实证方法对美国6所高校的学术写作教学进行了调查研究。研究发现:1)美国高校体系化地设置学术写作课程,课程类型丰富,且前后课程相互衔接;2)课程内容详实具体,从基础学习到专业研究及写作,层层递进;3)教学目标明确具体,注重批判性阅读与分析、批判性思维及学术意识的培养,注重独立学术写作能力及口头表达能力的培养;4)授课形式灵活多样,采用讲授、小组讨论、专题研讨、一对一指导、同伴互评等教学模式;5)每个学校都设有写作中心,针对学生的具体问题进行个性化指导,力求有效提升学生的写作能力。美国高校学术写作教学方面的举措与经验可为我国高校学术英语写作教学提供诸多启示与有益的借鉴。

This study makes an integrated investigation into the academic writing curricula of 6 American universities,which gets the following findings:1)academic writing curricula are systematic,abundant,interconnected;2)teaching contents are specific and progressive;ranging from basic knowledge and skills learning to profession research and writing;3)teaching objectives are clear,focusing on developing the skills of critical reading,analyzing,thinking and academic awareness and the competence of independent academic writing and oral presentation;4)there’re various and flexible teaching modes,such as lectures,group discussion,workshop,one-on-one tutoring,peer review;and 5)a writing center is set up in every university,offering individual service for the students and aiming to improve their academic writing effectively.Many beneficial implications are provided for academic writing teaching in Chinese universities.