夏洛莱牛和西门塔尔牛育肥及屠宰性能对比试验研究

Comparative Research on Fattening and Slaughter Performance of Charolais and Simmentals

[目的]试验旨在研究青海省引进夏洛莱牛的育肥效果、屠宰性状和肉质品质,评估夏洛莱牛在青海省推广及杂交利用的可行性,[方法]在青海锦绣农业发展有限公司开展了引进6月龄夏洛莱牛与本地自繁6月龄西门塔尔牛的育肥对比试验,最后对15月龄夏洛莱牛和本地西门塔尔牛进行屠宰性能测定,分析其屠宰性能、胴体和肉质品质的差异。[结果]结果表明,夏洛莱牛在青海西宁育肥后可达到屠宰率57.80%,净肉率46.40%,胴体产肉率80.30%,肉骨比4.23,各项指标均优于本地西门塔尔牛;夏洛莱牛肉中必需氨基酸含量及必需脂肪酸含量分别为7.96%和3.29%,与本地西门塔尔牛无显著差异。[结论]综上所述,夏洛莱牛具有良好的生长性能和屠宰性能,其肉质营养水平与本地西门塔尔牛接近,因此,夏洛莱牛适合在本地育肥并推广。

[Objective]The purpose of the experiment is to investigate the fattening effect,slaughtering character and meat quality of the introduced Charolais in Qinghai province,and to evaluate the feasibility of the popularization and crossbreeding of Charolais in Qinghai province.[Method]The fattening contrast experiment of Charolais at the age of 6 months and Simmental at the same age was carried out in Qinghai Jinxiu Agricultural Development Co.Ltd..At the end of the feeding trial,to analyze the differences of slaughtering performance,carcass and meat quality,the slaughtering performance of 15-month-old Charolais and local Simmental cattle were measured.[Result]The results showed that the slaughter rate of Charolais cattle after fattening could reach 57.80%,the net meat rate was 46.40%,the carcass meat production rate was 80.30%,and the meat/bone ratio was 4.23.All indexes were better than the local Simmental cattle.The essential amino acid content and essential fatty acid content of Charolais beef were 7.96%and 3.29%,respectively,which were not significantly different from native Simmental beef.[Conclusion]Overall,Charolais have good growth performance and slaughter performance than Simmental,while their beef meat quality and nutrition levels are close.Therefore,Charolais are suitable for local fattening and promotion.