临床护士健康教育现状及影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of clinical nurses'health education

目的明确目前护士健康教育工作中存在的问题,并分析其影响因素。方法于2017年11月至2018年1月间在问卷星平台发放电子问卷,通过采取整群抽样和滚雪球抽样对江苏省内6家医院298名护士进行问卷调查,问卷星在线发放《临床护理人员健康教育调查问卷》。结果56.8%的护士健康教育时间少于其工作时间的15.0%,其中61.4%占工作时间6.0%~15.0%,其他<5.0%,另外约6.9%的护士超过一半的工作时间在进行健康教育工作。护士对健康教育认知情况主要受职称的影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);护士健康教育态度主要受护士最高学历和工作医院等级影响,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);职称、第一学历、最高学历和工作医院等级不同程度影响护士健康教育自我效能。结论职称、学历和工作医院等级是护士健康教育工作的主要影响因素,全面发挥护士在健康教育职能中的作用,需要不断提升护士的受教育水平和职称结构。

Objective To clarify the existing problems in nurses'health education and to analyze the influencing factors.Methods 298 nurses from 6 hospitals in Jiangsu Province were investigated by cluster sampling and snowball sampling from November,2017 to January,2018.The online“Clinical Nursing Staff Health Education Questionnaire”was distributed based on the https://www.wjx.cn/.Results The health education time was less than their 15.0%working time in 56.8%nurses.Among them,61.4%spent 6.0%-15.0%working time on health education.There were 6.9%of nurses spending more than half of their working time on health education.The nurses'awareness of health education was mainly influenced by their professional titles(P<0.05);their attitude toward health education was mainly affected by their highest educational level and working hospital level(P<0.05);their professional title,first education level,highest education level,and the hospital level they worked in affected different aspects of their health education self-efficacy.Conclusions Professional title,educational background,and working hospital grade are the main factors influencing nurses'health education.In order to allow nurses to give full play to the role of health education,it is necessary to constantly improve their education levels and professional titles.