技术现象学视域下人与媒介的关系省思及认识方法补阙

Reconsidering the Relationship and the Recognizing Method Between Human and Media in the Field of Technical Phenomenology

自麦克卢汉以来,虽然新闻传播学科关于人与媒介之间的关系的认识与论说不断且有些极富洞见,但目前新闻传播学科关于人与媒介关系的研究存在着认识论与方法论、理论和实践、宏观层面与微观层面的断裂,以及乌托邦式的乐观分析与敌托邦式的批判分析相互抵牾的问题。文章尝试借助技术现象学的理论和方法,对媒介介入日常生活世界后人、媒介与生活世界之间关系的变化进行一个初步的考察。研究认为,人与媒介之间至少具有九种关系:具身关系、诠释学关系、它异关系、背景关系、赛博格关系、复合关系、交互关系、连接关系、情境关系。新闻传播学界若想推进关于媒介及其与人的关系研究,至少需要做好以下几点:第一,持续关注并译介国际学界关于或有益于媒介研究的学术思想、前沿;第二,回到实践,回到活生生的日常生活世界,认真总结经验,并进行适恰的抽象与概括;最后,回到历史,回到学术脉络上,让理论与实践相结合、相联系、相校验,从而“活络思想”,生发出新的概念、理论、思想,与国际学界进行有益的对话。

Since McLuhan,although the knowledge and theories of the relationship between people and the media in the field of journalism and communication have been constant and have some insights,after reviewing the literature,we find that:the current research on the relationship between people and media in the journalism communication field is mostly based on epistemological products,relatively lacking basic methodological guidance and direct perceptual knowledge from experience and practice.Therefore,there have epistemological and methodological,theoretical and practical,macro-level and micro-level ruptures,utopian optimistic analysis and enemies-style critical analysis contradictory problems or paradigm tendencies.In order to make up for its shortcomings,this paper will try to use the technical intentional theory and al ternation method of technical phenomenology to make a preliminary investigation on the relationship between people,the media and the living world after the media technology is involved in the daily life world.The study believes that the micro-perception relationship between human and media has at least the following nine relationships:Embodiment Relations,Hermeneutic Relations,Alterity Relation,Back-ground Relations,Cyborg Relations,Composite Relations,Interaction Relations,Conn-ection Relations,Situation Relations.Finally,the article argues that if the journalism and communication science community wants to advance the research on media and its relationship with people,it needs to do at least the following:First,continuing to pay attention to and translate the academic frontiers and academics of international academic circles on or beneficial to media research Thoughts;second,returning to practice,returning to the living world of daily life,conscientiously summarizing experience,and making appropriate abstractions and generalizations;finally,returning to history,returning to the academic context,and combining theory with practice Connecting and verifying each other,thus"activate thinking",to give birth to new concepts,theories,ideas,and to have a useful dialogue with previous thoughts,academic context and the international academic community.