煤炭气化过程数学模型构建的研究进展

Progress on mathematical models construction in coal gasification process

煤炭气化技术是煤炭资源清洁利用及向绿色工业生态发展的重要方向。煤炭气化过程数学模型具有诠释气-固复杂反应机理、分析气化工艺参数、预测气化产品特性等技术优势,是煤炭气化过程实现工程优化设计的重要理论基础。系统分析与综述了近年来煤炭气化过程热力学平衡模型、反应动力学模型、计算流体动力学CFD模型、降阶模型和智能化等相关模型构建的研究进展。针对煤炭气化模型研究,重点阐述了基于数据驱动的煤炭气化过程智能模型构建和简化及其相关参数优化的最新研究成果,深入分析了融合煤炭气化反应机理的智能化模型构建的研究工作。针对煤气化生产过程模型研究,重点阐述了在目标规划下的智能模型构建,分析了基于气化生产过程目标模型求解的差分进化算法DE、粒子群优化PSO、遗传算法GA等优化算法的构建,并阐述了Aspen plus模拟软件在目前气化模拟过程中的应用及基于该软件模拟模型的目标优化算法的改进等研究。同时,提出开发具有煤气化反应动力学等机理信息的智能化模型,气化整体流程中融入局部流体动力学等细节信息的跨尺度模拟模型将是未来气化模型研究的主要发展方向。其中对气化过程初始样本的合理选择、模型算法寻优性能的有效改进、模型优化准则的选取策略等研究是智能化模型的研究热点。

Coal gasification technology is an important direction of clearly utilizing coal resources for green industrial ecology development.The mathematical model in coal gasification process has technological advantages in effectively describing the complex reaction mechanisms of the gas and the solid,analyzing gasification process parameters,predicting the characteristics of the gasification products and others,and it lays an important theoretical foundation of the engineering optimization design in coal gasification process.The research progresses on the constructing of thermodynamics equilibrium model,reaction kinetics model,computational fluid dynamics model,reduced order model and intelligent model in coal gasification process are reviewed in recent years.For researches on coal gasification model,the latest researches on intelligent model construction based on data-driven,model simplification and the model parameters optimization are mainly discussed.The researches on intelligent models construction integrating coal gasification reaction mechanisms are deeply analyzed.For researches on coal gasification production process model,the intelligent model construction under objective programming is mainly discussed,and the optimization algorithms which are used to solve the objective models are analyzed,including DE,PSO,GA,and others.And the application of Aspen Plus in coal gasification simulation and the objective optimization algorithm improvement based on the simulation models are discussed in detailed.Besides,it is proposed that the intelligent model with mechanism information about coal gasification reaction kinetics and multi-scale simulation model incorporating details such as local hydrodynamics into the overall gasification process will be the main development directions of research on gasification models in future,where how to select the initial samples reasonably,how to improve the performance of the optimization algorithm effectively,how to select the criteria of optimization model are research hotspots on intelligent models.