摘要
燃煤工业锅炉含硫烟气排放是大气污染的主要来源之一,随着国家对锅炉烟气中不同污染物排放要求日益严格,国家实行了烟气超低排放标准,要求SO2低于35 mg/m3,锅炉烟气中SO2控制迫在眉睫。笔者分析了目前常用的湿法、半干法脱硫技术的特点,对比了不同湿法脱硫技术的差异性及优缺点,详细阐述了石灰石-石膏法和高倍率灰钙循环脱硫除尘一体化技术(no gap desulphurization,NGD)及脱硫机理,并分析对比了2种脱硫技术的可行性及经济性。目前石灰石-石膏法的脱硫效率在95%,应用最广泛的是石灰石强制氧化系统,结垢、堵塞、腐蚀、产生废水是该技术的主要问题。NGD脱硫技术将粉煤灰作为脱硫剂,由于神东地区煤种特殊性,粉煤灰中活性物质含量较多,在有水条件下粉煤灰中Si与Al溶解出来与熟石灰发生水合反应,生成的高水合物质使脱硫效率大幅度提升,脱硫效率在80%~90%。由于NGD脱硫技术的经济性优于石灰石-石膏法,加之燃煤工业锅炉不同于电站锅炉的特点,对于中小型燃煤锅炉而言,NGD脱硫技术有很好的适应性和发展前景。
Sulfur-containing flue gas emission from coal-fired industrial boilers is one of the main sources of atmospheric pollution.With the increasingly stringent requirements for different pollutants emission from boiler flue gas,the state has implemented the ultra-low emission standard for flue gas,the requirement for SO 2 to be below 35 mg/m 3,so the control of SO 2 in boiler flue gas is imminent.In this paper,the characteristics of wet and semi-dry desulturization technologies were analyzed,the differences,advantages and disadvantages of different wet desulfurization technologies were compared,the limestone-gypsum method and NO Gap Desulfurization processes and desulfurization mechanism were elaborated in detail,and the feasibility and economy of the two desulfurization technologies were analyzed and compared.At present,the desulfurization efficiency of limestone-gypsum process is 95%.The limestone forced oxidation system is widely used.The scaling,blocking,corrosion and waste water are the main problems of this technology.The NGD desulfurization technology uses fly ash as desulfurizers.Due to the particularity of coal in Shendong area,there are more active substances in fly ash.Under the condition of water,the Si and Al in fly ash dissolve and hydrate with hydrated lime.The high hydrate produced greatly improves the desulfurization efficiency.The desulfurization efficiency is between 80%and 90%.The economy of NGD desulfurization technology is better than limestone-gypsum method,and the characteristics of coal-fired industrial boilers are different from those of power plant boilers.For medium and small coal-fired boilers,the NGD desulfurization technology has good adaptability and development prospects.
作者
崔名双
周建明
张鑫
李婷
牛芳
CUI Mingshuang;ZHOU Jianming;ZHANG Xin;LI Ting;NIU Fang(China Coal Research Institute Company of Energy Conservation,Beijing 100013,China;State Key Laboratory of High Efficient Miningand Clean Utilization of Coal Resources,Beijing 100013,China;National Energy Technology&Equipment Laboratory of Coal Utilization andEmission Control,Beijing 100013,China)
出处
《洁净煤技术》
CAS
2019年第5期131-137,共7页
Clean Coal Technology
基金
煤炭科学技术研究院科技发展基金资助项目(2016CX02)
关键词
燃煤工业锅炉
烟气脱硫
湿法脱硫
半干法脱硫
经济性
coal fired industrial boiler
flue gas desulfurization
wet desulphurization
semi dry desulfurization
economical efficiency