外壁作用驱动的瓜环基超分子框架化合物及其功能性质

Cucurbit[n] uril-Based Supramolecular Frameworks Assembled through the Outer Surface Interactions and Their Functional Properties

多孔材料,特别是快速发展的MOFs,COFs和近年来出现的超分子有机骨架(SOFs)被广泛应用于多相催化,吸附,离子交换等领域。瓜环(Q[n]s)因其具有带负静电势羰基端口,正静电势外表面和中性静电势空腔的特殊结构,可成为构筑Q[n]基超分子框架化合物(QSFs)的基本单元。本文对利用瓜环外壁作用构筑QSFs的设计和构建进行了评述。根据外壁作用方式的不同,构筑QSFs的作用可分为:自身诱导作用;无机阴离子与Q[n]s外壁的相互作用;芳族化合物与Q[n]s外壁的相互作用。这为探索QSFs结构与其功能特征之间的关系,实现具有新颖结构和特定功能特性的QSFs的设计和构筑,以及Q[n]化学建立新的研究方向奠定了良好的基础。

Porous materials,especially the rapidly developed MOFs,COFs and supramolecular organic frameworks(SOFs)emerged in recent years are widely used in the fields of heterogeneous catalysis,adsorption,ion exchange,and so on.Cucurbit[n]urils(Q[n]s)are expected to become basic building nuits because they possess portals rimmed with electronegative carbonyl groups,positive electrostatic potential outer surfaces,and electroneutral cavities.In this review,we focus on recent progress in the design and construction of Q[n]-based supramolecular frameworks(QSFs)assembled through the outer surface interaction of Q[n]s.QSFs can be classified as those assembled by i)a self-structure-directing effect;ii)the interaction of inorganic anions with the outer surfaces of Q[n]s;and iii)the interaction of aromatic compounds with the outer surfaces of Q[n]s.This has laid a good foundation for exploring the relationships between the structures of QSFs and their functional characteristics,realizing the design and construction of QSFs with novel structures and specific functional properties,and establishing a new research direction in Q[n]chemistry.