全髋关节置换术围术期预防深静脉血栓形成的研究进展

Research progress in the prevention of deep vein thrombosis during perioperative period of total hip arthroplasty

深静脉血栓形成(deep vein thrombosis,DVT)是全髋关节置换(total hip arthroplasty,THA)术后常见的并发症,可造成不同程度的慢性深静脉功能不全,还可能导致肺栓塞,甚至死亡。THA围术期DVT的预防,旨在减少静脉内膜的损伤、加快静脉内血液流动、解除静脉内血液高凝状态,降低DVT的发生率,改善预后,促进术后康复。DVT的预防必须贯穿整个围术期,临床医生需根据患者的实际情况,结合不同预防方法的特点,实施高效合理的个体化预防措施。笔者就THA围术期DVT预防的研究进展作一综述。

As a common complication after total hip arthroplasty(THA), deep vein thrombosis(DVT) can cause varying degrees of chronic deep venous insufficiency as well as pulmonary embolism. The prevention of DVT during perioperative period of THA aims to reduce the damage of venous intima, accelerate the blood flow in the vein, relieve the hypercoagulable state of the blood, reduce the incidence of DVT, improve the prognosis and promote postoperative recovery. Not only the prevention of DVT must be carried out throughout the perioperative period, but also effective and reasonable individualized prevention measures needed to be implemented based on the actual situation of the patient and the characteristics of different prevention methods. The author reviews the research progress of DVT prevention during perioperative period of THA.