垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属元素分析标准样品研制

Preparation of waste incineration fly ash reference material for analysis of heavy metal elements

本文介绍了垃圾焚烧飞灰重金属元素分析标准样品的研制过程.标准样品定值指标为Ag、As、Ba、Be、Cd、Co、Cr、Cu、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、Tl、V、Zn等16种重金属元素.垃圾焚烧飞灰标准样品是一种带有基体的标准样品,原料样品从垃圾焚烧站除尘设施收集,经干燥、过筛、混匀、分装和灭菌等步骤加工处理后,分别采用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)、电感耦合等离子体质谱法(ICP-MS)和原子荧光法(AFS)对标准样品进行了均匀性和稳定性检验.结果显示,样品均匀性和稳定性良好.选择技术水平较高10家权威实验室对16种重金属元素进行协作定值,并进行了不确定度评定,量值评定结果显示该样品中16种元素的含量在0.410—11600μg·g^-1之间,相对扩展不确定度在4.3%—18%之间.

The development process of a waste incineration fly ash reference material(RM)was introduced.Sixteen heavy metal elements,such as Ag,As,Ba,Be,Cd,Co,Cr,Cu,Hg,Mn,Ni,Pb,Sb,Tl,V and Zn were selected as the characteristic values of fly ash reference material.The fly ash RM is a kind of reference material with matrix,which was collected from waste incineration station and dried,screened,mixed,packed and sterilized.The homogeneity and stability were tested with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry,inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry and atomic fluorescence spectrometry.It was showed that the homogeneity and stability had good performances.RM measured with a network of 10 laboratories and the uncertainties were evaluated with proper method.Results showed the concentrations of the 16 elements were from 0.410 to 11600μg·g^-1,and relative expanded uncertainty ranged from 4.3%to 18%.