面向颠覆式创新的后发企业价值网络演进模型——以海尔集团为例

颠覆式创新理论为后发企业实现赶超提供了理论支持,而价值网络作为开展颠覆式创新的重要工具,其演进过程和机理有待深入研究。本文以海尔集团为颠覆式创新典型案例,首先厘清了后发企业价值网络的结构:价值主张、价值主体、价值活动、价值关系和价值空间;然后考察了海尔集团实施颠覆式创新的过程,包括起步期、快速成长期、全面赶超期以及转型期四个时期;最后从形态-机理的复合视角构建了面向颠覆式创新的后发企业价值网络演进模型。根据研究成果,后发企业应对其价值网络进行全面梳理、评估,然后针对不同发展时期作出适应性战略调整,调整重点分别为:瞄准顾客消费痛点,集中资源打造核心竞争力;专注积累自身实力,稳步扩大市场份额;自主创新引领发展,打通外部关系管网;坚持顾客导向的核心,开展跨界融合谋转型。

The theory of disruptive innovation provides theoretical support for latecomer firms to achieve catch-up.Since value-network is an important means to conduct disruptive innovation,its evolution process and mechanism need to be further studied.By taking Haier Group as a case,our paper firstly clarified the structure of latecomers’value-network:value proposition,value subject,value activity,value relation and value space.Then the process of its disruptive innovation is analyzed,including start-up period,growing period,catching-up period and transformation period.Finally,the value-network evolution model of latecomer firm is constructed by the compound perspective of form-mechanism,which is oriented by disruptive innovation.By the research,the latecomer firms should make full-scale review and evaluations to their value network and conduct adaptive strategy adjustments for each period.The key points are:aiming at the consumer pain points and integrating the resources to build core competitiveness;focusing on accumulating their own strength and steadily expanding the market share;making independent innovation as the engine and opening up the external relation network;sticking to customer orientation and implementing the cross-border integration to seek transformation.