中药复方对鲫鱼细菌性败血症的防治效果

Prevention and Treatment Effect of Chinese Herbal Compound on Crucian Carp Bacterial Septicaemia

【目的】研究中药复方对鲫鱼(Carassius auratus)细菌性败血症的防治效果。【方法】由茵陈、地锦草、大黄、黄芩、白术、苦参、板蓝根按一定比例组成中草药复方,用索氏提取法以乙醇为溶剂提取中草药复方的总有效成分,提取物按质量分数0%、0.5%、2.0%,中药复方原料粗粉按质量分数2.0%的添加量制成药饵(分别记为0%、0.5%、2.0%药饵组,2.0%生药组),投喂人工感染温和气单胞菌(Aeromonas sobria)的鲫鱼,测定感染4 d和15 d时鲫鱼的血清转氨酶(GPT、AST)、甘油三酯(TRIG)、胆固醇(TC)、总蛋白(TP)、白蛋白(ALB)、球蛋白(GLB)、白球比(白蛋白与球蛋白质量浓度比,A/G)等肝功能指标,尿素氮(BUN)、尿酸(UA)、肌酐(CR)等肾功能指标,心肌功能指标肌酸磷酸激酶(CPK)。【结果】2.0%药饵组在0.5×109 cfu/mL和1×109 cfu/mL的温和气单胞菌攻毒感染下,药饵防治率分别为82.5%和42.5%,与0%药饵组相比,药效极显著(P<0.01)。相对于对照组(健康鱼),感染0.5×109 cfu/mL温和气单胞菌病鱼(0%药饵组)转氨酶、TRIG、TC、TP、ALB、GLB、A/G指标下降(P<0.05),BUN、UA、CR、CPK指标上升(P<0.05),而其他药饵组各指标均较0%药饵组改善,恢复至对照组水平。【结论】中药复方对鲫鱼细菌性败血症有一定防治作用,可改善病鱼的肝脏、肾、心肌功能的受损状态。以添加质量分数2%中草药复方提取物的药饵防治鲫鱼细菌性败血症的药效显著。

【Objective】To study the prevention and treatment effect of the Chinese herbal compound on bacterial septicemia of crucian carp,Carassius auratus.【Method】Chinese herbal medicine mix from herba artemisiae,euphorbia humifusa atractylodes,radix et rhizoma rhei,radix scutellaria,ginseng,radix isatidis were prepared,and the total effective components of Chinese herbal medicine compound was prepared by soxhlet extraction method using ethanol as solvent.The extract was prepared by mass fraction 0%,0.5%and 2.0%,and the raw material of the compound was prepared by mass fraction 2.0%(recorded as 0%,0.5%,2.0%of the bait group and 2.0%of the crude drug group,respectively).Crucian carp were artificially infected with Aeromonas sobria,and infection was evaluated at day 4 and day 15.Serum biochemical parameter including transaminase(GPT,AST),triglyceride(TRIG),cholesterol(TC),total protein(TP),albumin(ALB),globulin(GLB),albumin to globulin ratio(A/G)liver function indicators,such as urea nitrogen(BUN),uric acid(UA),creatinine(CR),such as renal function indexes,myocardial function index of creatine phosphokinase(CPK)were analyzed.【Results】Under the conditions of 0.5×109 cfu/mL and 1×109 cfu/mL Aeromonas sobria infection,the control rates of baits in the 2%baits group were 82.5%and 42.5%,respectively.As compared with the 0%baits group,the efficacy was extremely significant(P<0.01).Compared with the control group(healthy fish),the indexes of transaminase,TRIG,TC,TP,ALB,GLB,and A/G of the fish infected with 0.5×109 cfu/mL aeromonas sobria disease(0%diet group)were decreased(P<0.05),and the indexes of BUN,UA,CR,and CPK were increased(P<0.05),while the indexes of the other bait group were improved compared with the 0%bait group and recovered to the level of the control group.【Conclusion】The compound could prevent and cure bacterial septicaemia of crucian carp,and improve the function of liver,kidney and myocardium.Compound extract of Chinese herbal medicine(2%)added with baits has significant efficacy in preventing and treating bacterial septicemia of crucian carp.