高速列车局部外形气动优化设计研究

Research on Aerodynamic Optimization Design of Some Part on High-speed Train

随着高速列车运行速度的提高,列车外形对气动性能的影响越发显著。以中国标准动车组为原型建立1:8比例3车编组仿真模型,对3种转向架裙板减阻方案、5种排障器导流罩减阻方案、4种车厢连接处外风挡减阻方案进行风洞试验。在60m/s风速,0°侧偏角条件下,裙板最优方案能使整车减阻10.2%;排障器导流罩最优方案能使整车减阻2.1%,外风挡最优方案能使整车减阻1.8%。试验结果为进一步优化中国标准动车组气动外形提供了理论参照。

With the speed increasing of high-speed train,the influence of train shape on aerodynamic performance becomes more and more obvious.Based on the prototype of China Standard EMU,the simulation model of 1:8 Proportion 3 vehicle group is established.The wind tunnel test is carried out on 3 kinds of bogie fairing reduction scheme,5 kinds of obstacle-reducing scheme of cowcatcher airdeflector and 4 kinds of drag-reducing scheme for the Inter-car windshield of vehicle.Under the condition of 60 m/s wind speed and 0°side deflection angle,the optimal scheme of the bogie fairing can reduce the vehicle resistance by 10.2%;the optimal scheme of the cowcatcher air-deflector can reduce the vehicle resistance by 2.1%;the optimal scheme of Inter-car windshield can reduce the vehicle resistance by 1.8%.The experimental results provide a theoretical reference for further optimizing the aerodynamic shape of Chinese standard EMU.