2009-2018年鞍山地区职业病发病情况

Incidence of the occupational diseases in Anshan area from 2009 to 2018

目的分析鞍山地区2009-2018年的职业病发病情况、发病规律和特征。方法通过"中国疾病预防控制信息系统"中的子系统"职业病与职业卫生信息监测系统"收集2009-2018年新发职业病484例,采用描述性统计方法进行统计分析。结果484例职业病病例中,共涉及《职业病分类目录》中7大类职业病,其中男性478例,占98.8%;女性6例,占1.2%,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);职业病发病年龄主要集中在40~49岁,平均年龄为(44.6±2.8)岁。不同类别职业病平均发病年龄比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=488.6,P<0.05)。发病工龄集中在11~20a,平均发病工龄为(15.7±7.4)a。不同类别职业病平均发病工龄比较,差异有统计学意义(χ~2=120.2,P<0.05)。主要分布在采矿业、建筑业、制造业、科学研究和技术服务业,按企业规模主要分布在中型企业及小型企业,按经济类型主要分布在集体企业和私营企业。结论职业性尘肺病和职业性肿瘤的防治是鞍山地区职业病防治工作的重点,相关管理部门应加大管理力度,切实保护劳动者健康。

Objective To analyse the pathogenesis and characteristics of occupational diseases in Anshan area from 2009 to 2018.Methods 484 new occupational diseases were collected from 2009 to 2018 through the"Occupational Disease and Occupational Health Information Monitoring System"under the subsystem of the China Disease Prevention and Control Information System.Descriptive statistical methods were used for the statistical analysis.Results The 484 cases of occupational disease were classified into 7 categories based on the Occupational Disease Classification,of which 478 were male cases,accounting for 98.8% and 6 cases of women,accounting for 1.2%(P<0.05).The age of onset of occupational diseases was mainly concentrated in 40-49 years,the average age was(44.6±2.8)years old.There was statistically significant difference in the average age of onset of occupational diseases in different categories(P<0.05).The working years of the disease was concentrated in 11 to 20 years,the average working years was(15.7±7.4)years.The average working years of occupational diseases in different categories was statistically significant(χ~2=120.2,P<0.05).The cases of the occupational diseases were mainly distributed in the mining,construction,manufacturing,scientific research and technology services by the industries;mainly in medium-sized enterprises and small enterprises by the size of enterprises,mainly in collective enterprises and private enterprises by economic-owner types.Conclusions The occupational pneumoconiosis and occupational tumors is the top two of the occupational diseases in Anshan area,and the relevant administrative departments should strengthen management to protect the health of the exposed workers.