哮喘治疗百年回顾:从经典辉煌到靶向选择

Centennial review of asthma management:from classical brilliance to precision treatment

当前哮喘患病率在全球范围内仍呈逐年增加的趋势。在过去的一百年,伴随着吸入性糖皮质激素的问世、联合治疗尤其是吸入性糖皮质激素和长效支气管扩张剂联合治疗概念的提出、以哮喘总体控制为目标管理模式的建立,哮喘的治疗进入经典辉煌的抗炎药物治疗时期。我国哮喘的总体控制水平得到了一定程度的提高,但仍有部分重症哮喘患者依然达不到良好控制状态。重症哮喘造成了巨大的社会和经济负担。近年来,基于炎症表型和生物标志物的重症哮喘个体化治疗取得了诸多突破性进展,对未来哮喘治疗的方向产生了极其深远的影响,使更多哮喘患者从中获益。哮喘治疗正在从“经典”走向“精准”。

The prevalence of asthma is still increasing in nowadays and the coming years worldwide.In the past 100 years,with the development of inhaled glucocorticoids,multi-drug treatment regimens,especially the combination of inhaled glucocorticoids and long-acting bronchodilators,and the establishment of a management model with overall asthma control as the goal,we have ushered in a period of classic and brilliant anti-inflammatory drugs for asthma treatment.The overall level of asthma control in China has been greatly improved to a certain extent,but there are still a few percentage of severe asthma patients who still fail to achieve good asthma control.Severe asthma causes a huge social and economic burden.In recent years,individualized targeted therapies with biologics for severe asthma based on inflammatory phenotypes and biomarkers have been made many breakthroughs,which will have a far-reaching impact on the direction of future asthma treatment and benefit more asthma patients.