加拿大学校体育身体素养推展情形及启示

The situation of and inspirations from physical attainment promotion in the school physical education area in Canada

身体素养成为国际学校体育的新焦点,加拿大身体素养的推展走在世界前列,在研究与实践方面都是世界公认的佼佼者。分析加拿大学校体育身体素养推展情形,给予我国身体素养从学术研究走向教学实践以启示,进而向全面实现提高学生身体素养的目标迈进。加拿大定义身体素养是动机、自信、身体能力、知识和理解,能够重视并且承担终生身体活动的责任。从“技能学习”到“情境学习”是加拿大身体素养观念在学校体育的转变过程。从教学目标、教学设计、教学策略及教学评量4个方面对加拿大身体素养导向教学进行分析,得出4点启示:在激发学生“我想玩”的动机前提下,让学生获得运用身体的能力;学习“带得走”的能力,将自我决定论贯穿体育课堂;建立“我很棒”的信心,转化素养导向体育教学原则;记录“动起来”的瞬间,重新思考体育教学评量功能。

Physical attainment has become a new focus in the international school physical education area.Physical attainment promotion in Canada leads the world,being a strong performer recognized by the world both in terms of research and practice.Analyzing the situation of physical attainment promotion in the school physical education area in Canada gives inspirations to physical attainments in China from academic research to teaching practice,and then approaches the goal to comprehensively realize student physical attainment improvement.Canada defines physical attainment as the motivation,confidence,physical competence,knowledge and understanding,being able to value and take the responsibility of lifelong physical activities.From“skill learning”to“scenario learning”is the process of changing of Canadian physical attainment conception in the school physical education area.The authors analyzed Canadian physical attainment oriented teaching from such 4 aspects as teaching objectives,teaching design,teaching strategies and teaching assessment,and derived 4 inspirations:under the precondition of stimulating the“I want to play”motive of the students,let the students abstain the ability to use their bodies;learn the abilities that can be carried with you,penetrate the self-determination theory throughout physical education classes;build up the confidence of“I am great”,transform the attainment oriented physical education teaching principle;record the moment of“moving your body”,rethink physical education teaching evaluation functions.