第21届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段亚足联所属球队犯规特征分析

The analysis on foul characteristics of the football teams subordinate to Asian Football Confederation in the Final in 21th World Soccer Cup

目的以亚足联在第21届世界杯足球赛决赛阶段比赛的5支参赛球队为观测对象,统计分析观测对象的犯规特征。方法采用文献资料法、数理统计法、录像观察法、比较分析法等研究方法,对亚足联所属球队的犯规特征进行比较分析。结果5支球队犯规总次数为210次,黄牌总数为30张,平均6.86 min有1次犯规,平均48 min有1张黄牌。在上半场的31~45±5 min,犯规次数是所有球队全场比赛各时段的最低值,上半场开始15 min与下半场最后15 min这两个时段犯规次数达到全场比赛的高峰值。在全场比赛最后15 min时段,黄牌数达到全场各时段最高峰。犯规及黄牌数最多的区域在中场附近,5支球队在中场总犯规次数达到124次;犯规类型以绊摔、拉扯、推、冲撞、铲和踢居多,犯规动作部位主要呈现出下肢比上肢多、下肢比躯干多、上肢比躯干多的特征;结论亚足联所属球队在比赛中,攻防迅速,拼抢积极,对抗动作运用规范;中场是各队争夺的焦点区域,通过中场来组织进攻和防守,这是造成中场犯规率高的原因之一;亚足联所属各队世界杯比赛中在犯规、黄牌的数量与频率上出现了分化;队员身体接触、对抗也较多,为了获取较好的位置,争得控球权,运动员充分地利用了下肢的作用,这也是本届杯赛亚足联所属球队犯规中绊摔犯规最多的原因。

Objective To investigate the foul characteristics of five teams of Asian Football Federation in the final stage of the 21st World Cup.Methods By using the methods of documentation,video observation,mathematical statistics and comparative analysis,the foul characteristics of the teams affiliated to the Asian Football Association were statistically analyzed and compared.Results Five teams fouled 210 times,a total of 30 yellow cards,an average of 6.86 minutes has a foul,an average of 48 minutes has a yellow card.In the first half,fouls were the lowest for all teams in all periods of the game,peaking at 15 minutes from the start of the first half and at the last 15 minutes of the second half.During the last 15min session of the match,the number of yellow cards reached the peak of the whole session.The most fouls and yellow cards were in midfield,and the total Fouls of five teams reached 124 in midfield.The fouls were mainly tripping,pulling,pushing,colliding,shoveling and kicking.The main foul parts were lower limbs more than upper limbs,lower limbs more than trunk,upper limbs more than trunk.Conclusion In the finals of this World Cup,attacking and defending are quick,fighting actively,and the use of confrontational actions is standardized;the midfield is the focus area for each team to compete and organize attack and defense through the midfield,which is one of the reasons for the high rate of fouls in the midfield;the number of fouls and yellow cards of the teams affiliated with the Asian Football Association in this World Cup competition.In order to get a better position and control the ball,the players make full use of the role of the lower limbs,which is also the reason why the AFC team fouled the most trips and falls in this Cup.