近四十年来晚清湘军研究综述

Summary of the Research on Hunan Army in the Late Qing Dynasty over the Past Forty Years

晚清湘军是由曾国藩等人建立的一个地方军政集团,在镇压太平天国和抵御外国侵略中均起到了重要作用,它的建立和发展对晚清政局也产生了重大影响,在中国近代史上具有举足轻重的地位。湘军研究是晚清史研究中的重要课题之一,相关成果颇为丰硕。自1978年以来,学术界的思想解放促使该课题研究更趋活跃,视域宽广且掘进日深,系统完整而自成一脉。尤其进入新世纪以后,相关成果不仅呈现出研究方向和研究内容上的更新,在新理论和新方法的吸收和借鉴上也呈现出不断发展的良好态势,一些学者还尝试开展跨学科跨领域研究,借以更新和拓宽学术视野,这些探索均取得了一些可喜的成就。回顾湘军研究的四十年历程,梳理这一时期的相关学术成果,有助于厘清相关问题的内在学术理路,反思个中局限,探寻展拓空间,以期资益于此课题的深入探研及史学的良性发展。

The Hunan army in the late Qing Dynasty was a local military and political group established by Zeng Guofan and his fellows. It played an important role in suppressing the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom and resisting foreign aggression. Its establishment and development shifted the political situation of the late Qing Dynasty and is of great significance to China’s modern history. The study of Hunan Army is one of the important topics in late Qing history research and has achieved fruitful results. Since 1978, the promotion of academic freedom has led to the study of this subject more active and systematically complete. Especially after the 21st century, creative achievements emerge not only in research direction and content, but also in research theories and methods. Some scholars have also attempted to carry out interdisciplinary and cross-field research, so as to renew and broaden academic vision. Reviewing the past 40-year history of the Hunan Army research and concluding related academic achievements help clarify the internal academic logic of related issues, reflect on the limitations, explore the space for expansion, which would be beneficial to the in-depth research and benign development of history study.