儿童青少年患者使用精神药物的不良反应101例分析

Analysis of adverse effects of psychotropic drugs in 101 children and adolescent patients

目的:分析使用精神药物的儿童青少年患者的不良反应(ADR)发生特点,。方法:对本中心4年余使用精神药物儿童青少年患者中发生ADR患者进行回顾性调查,统计分析发生ADR患者的性别、年龄、给药途径、药品种类、发生时间、ADR类型、ADR主要涉及药品、转归情况和ADR处理方法:等。结果:住院儿童青少年共3042例,共收集上报ADR报告101例,发生率为3.32%。其中男性49例(48.51%),女性52例(51.49%)。引起ADR的多为抗精神病药(74例,73.27%);ADR主要发生在用药1个月内73例(72.28%);引起较多ADR的药物有奥氮平(19.80%)、阿立哌唑(15.84%)等。101例ADR中有93例好转,5例痊愈,3例未好转。发生ADR后87.13%病例采用停药、减药或者使用其他药品缓解不良反应。结论:儿童青少年患者精神药物ADR多发生在服药1个月内,引起ADR药主要是抗精神病药,且严重ADR较少。

Objective:To investigate the characteristics of adverse drug reactions(ADRs)among children and adolescents with psychotropic drugs use.Method:A retrospective survey of ADR caused by psychotropic drugs was conducted among children and adolescents in our center for more than four years.The gender,age,basic condition of administration,types of drugs,time of occurrence,types of ADR,related drugs involved in ADR,the outcomes and treatment methods of ADR were analyzed.Results:A total of 3042 children and adolescents were investigated,and ADRs occured in 101 children and adolescents.There were 49 males(48.51%)and 52 females(51.49%).Most of the ADRs were caused by antipsychotic drugs(73.27%);ADRs of 73 cases(72.28%)occurred within one month of treatment;the most common drugs causing ADRs were olanzapine(19.80%)and aripiprazole(15.84%).Of 100 pateints with ADRs,93 improved,5 recovered,3 unimproved.After ADR occurence,87.13%patients used withdrawal,dosages reduction or other drugs to alleviate adverse reactions.Conclusion:ADRs in children and adolescents occur within one month of treatment;Most ADRs are caused by antipsychotic drugs;and severe ADRs are rare.