大视场并列型仿生复眼光学系统

Optical system of bionic compound eye with large field of view

为了实现大视场微型仿生复眼系统的增材制造,对仿生复眼的成像原理、微透镜阵列与中继系统的设计以及复眼系统的机械结构进行了研究。根据仿生复眼的光学原理设计出单个微透镜,并完成微透镜阵列。通过设计中继系统,使曲面阵列所成的曲面像转换成平面像,从而被平面探测所接收。将微透镜阵列与中继系统组合并对其进行优化。为了满足复眼系统3D增材制造工艺,对其机械结构进行设计。整个复眼系由3481个紧密拼接的正六边形微透镜组成,每个微透镜的视场为4°,通光口径为110μm,整个复眼的视场为123.7°。在120 lp/mm处,复眼各视场的MTF值均大于0.3,各视场点列图的RMS半径均小于艾里斑半径。该系统成像质量良好,公差分析结果表明其像质满足成像要求,满足增材制备工艺需求。

Compound eyes are composed of several sub-eyes distributed on a curved surface.Such a vision system has several advantages,such as a small size,large Field of View(FOV),and high sensitivity,in addition to excellent application prospects in relevant fields of mechanical vision.To realize the additive manufacturing of a bionic compound eye system with a large FOV,the imaging principle of bionic compound eyes,design of a micro-lens array and relay system,and mechanical structure were studied.First,a single micro-lens was designed based on the optical principle of bionic compound eyes,and a micro-lens array was completed.Further,the curved image surface formed by the curved array was converted to a planar image,which could be received by a planar detector,by introducing a relay system.Subsequently,the micro-lens array and the relay system were combined,and the image quality was optimized.Finally,the mechanical structure was designed aiming at the additive manufacture of the compound eye system.The micro-lens array contains 3481 closely-spliced hexagonal micro-lenses.Each lens has a FOV of 4°and a clear aperture of 110μm,and the entire compound eye covered an FOV of 123.7°.The MTF values of each FOV are greater than 0.3 at 120 lp/mm,and the corresponding RMS spot radii are less than the radius of the Airy disk.The analysis results indicate that the compound eye with a require image quality can meet addictive manufacturing requirements.