快速伸缩复合训练对大学生篮球运动员上下肢爆发力的影响效果研究

A Study on Effects of Plyometricon Explosive Strength of Upper and Lower Limbs in College Basketball Players

目的:验证快速伸缩复合训练对篮球运动员上下肢爆发力的影响。方法:以20名男性大学篮球运动员为研究对象,对其进行为期7周、每周3次的跳深、跳箱和双手传实心球训练,并进行跳深、跳投、20 m直线冲刺跑、20 m变向跑、双手胸前传球等项目测试,采用独立样本T检验(双侧)对训练前后相关指标进行分析。结果:7周训练后,跳深和跳投起跳高度有所提升但差异不显著(P>0.05),跳深和跳投时脚与地面的接触时间均显著缩短(P<0.05);20 m直线冲刺跑的平均速度有所增加但差异不显著(P>0.05),20 m变向跑的整体平均速度的提高非常显著(P<0.01),各区间平均速度没有显著性变化,但变向瞬间脚触地时间显著缩短(P<0.01);运动员双手胸前传球速度都较训练前极显著地提升(P<0.001),球与手接触的时间也显著缩短(P<0.05)。结论:上下肢快速伸缩复合训练能够显著提高篮球运动员的上下肢爆发力。

Objective:To verify the effect of plyometric training on the explosive force of the upper and lower limbs of basketball players.Methods:Twenty male college basketball players are taken as the research objects,and they are trained in jumping depth,box jumping and two handed passing solid ball three times a week for seven weeks.They are tested in jumping depth,jumping shot,20 m straight-line sprint,20 m direction changing,two handed chest passing and other items.Relevant indexes before and after training T-test(both sides)are analyzed with independent samples.Results:The depth of jump and the height of jump shot increased but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).The average speed of 20 meters in a straight line increased without any significance(P>0.05),while the overall average speed of 20m direction running increased significantly(P<0.01).The average speed of each interval did not change significantly,and the time of touching the ground of the changing foot decreased significantly(P<0.01).The initial speed of the two-handed chest pass with or without running was significantly improved(P<0.001),and the time of hand touch was significantly decreased(P<0.05).Conclusion:The explosive force of the upper and lower limbs of basketball players can be significantly improved by plyometric training of the upper and lower limbs.