紫花苜蓿混贮技术研究进展

Research progress on mixed silage of Alfalfa

紫花苜蓿(Medicago sativa L.)富含粗蛋白、维生素和微量元素,适口性好,产量高,是畜禽首选的青饲料。紫花苜蓿收获时会因气候等因素流失大量营养物质,通过青贮可消除该弊端,但单独青贮品质不佳,而混贮能够提高原料可溶性碳水化合物含量,增加乳酸菌数量或抑制不良发酵,进而提高青贮饲料的发酵品质和养分含量,具有广泛的资源开发和应用前景。文章概述了紫花苜蓿与禾本科牧草、农作物、其他植物及食品副产品等进行混合青贮的研究现状以及各类添加剂对混贮的影响,以期为优质青贮饲料的制备提供理论参考。

Alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)is rich in crude protein,vitamins and trace elements.It has good palatability and high yield.It is the first choice for livestock and poultry.Alfalfa will lose a lot of nutrients in harvest due to climate and other factors,which can be eliminated by silage,but the quality of alfalfa silage alone is not good.However,mixed silage can increase the content of soluble carbohydrate in the raw materials,increase the number of lactic acid bacteria or inhibit the bad fermentation,and then improve the fermentation quality and nutrient content of silage.Mixed silage has a broad prospect of resources development and application.In this paper,the research status of mixed silage of alfalfa and gramineous pasture,crops,other plants and food by-products and the effects of various additives on mixed silage were summarized,in order to provide a theoretical reference for the preparation of high-quality silage.