论韩愈古文谱系的外在理路与内在矛盾

The External Logic and Internal Contradiction of Han Yu's Ancient Chinese Prose Pedigree

一般认为,韩愈所建立的古文谱系,以“载道”为宗旨,继承和发扬了诸子和史传的传统,它与萧统等人建立的以辞、赋为宗的骈文谱系,是一种针锋相对的关系。实际上,二者之间的差异只是表面上的,无论是萧统等人,还是韩愈等人,最为看重的其实都是“文”;韩愈对“载道”的强调,乃是一种策略性的做法。韩愈古文谱系的内在矛盾由此产生:韩愈的古文谱系与六朝骈文谱系的所谓针锋相对只是表面现象,韩愈所追求的目标同样是成为一流文人;从外在的理路看,“文以载道”确有策略上的必要性,但由此造成的内在矛盾则对古文的发展造成了不容讳言的负面后果。

It is generally agreed that the ancient Chinese prose pedigree established by Han Yu,which aimed at“conveying truth”,inherited and carried forward the tradition of philosophers and historical biography.It is completely opposed to the parallel prose pedigree which was established by Xiao Tong and others.In fact,the difference between the two is only superficial.Both Xiao Tong and Han Yu thought highly of“prose”.Han Yu's emphasizing on“conveying truth”is just a tactical approach,which led to the internal contradictions of Han Yu's ancient Chinese prose pedigree,and caused remarkable negative consequences in the history of ancient Chinese prose development.