机器人在设施农业领域应用现状及发展趋势分析

Application status and development trend of robots in the field of facility agriculture

机器人技术在设施农业领域的广泛应用,不仅大幅提升农业产量,也能够体现一个国家农业现代化科技水平。机器人操作系统ROS的兴起,逐渐成为国内外设施农业机器人研究开发的热点。对国内外机器人设施农业领域相关研究探讨分析,综述当前机器人在种苗嫁接移栽、喷药施肥、果蔬收获加工、畜禽健康养殖等设施农业领域方面的应用现状,总结归纳SLAM地图构建、自主导航、机器视觉三种机器人关键技术研究趋势,并对比分析路径规划中Dijkstra算法、BFS算法、A*算法的优缺点以及机器视觉在果蔬采摘分选等领域的发展趋势。面对农业向智慧农业方向发展,总结并展望设施农业机器人未来发展趋势。

The wide application of robot technology in the field of facility agriculture not only greatly increases agricultural output, but also reflects the level of a country’s agricultural modernization technology. The rise of robotic operating system ROS has gradually become a hot spot in the research and development of facility agricultural robots at home and abroad. This paper intends to conduct a preliminary discussion and analysis of the related research of robotic facilities in the field of agriculture at home and abroad. Firstly, it summarizes the current application status of robots in the field of seedling grafting and transplanting, spraying and fertilizing, fruit and vegetable harvest processing, livestock and poultry health. Summarize the research trends of three key technologies of SLAM map construction, autonomous navigation and machine vision. Comparative analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of Dijkstra algorithm, BFS algorithm and A~* algorithm in path planning, and the development trend of machine vision in fruit and vegetable picking and sorting. Finally, facing the development of agriculture towards smart agriculture, summarize and forecast the future development trend of facility agricultural robots.