摘要
【目的】施氮量与种植密度是影响作物生长和增加产量的两大重要技术措施,探究苦荞在施氮量和种植密度互作下的栽培模式,能为黄土高原冷凉地区苦荞的高产高效种植提供理论依据。【方法】以苦荞黑丰一号为试验材料,设置施氮量(纯氮75、120 kg/hm^2)和种植密度(60万、90万、120万株/hm^2)双因素试验,分析其对苦荞物候期、株高、主茎分枝数、倒伏率、土壤水分利用率及产量的影响。【结果】6个处理对黑丰一号的生育期影响较小;综合双因素来看,株高、主茎分枝数、倒伏率均以施纯氮120 kg/hm^2、种植密度为120万株/hm^2的组合表现较好,苦荞株高为116.87 cm、主茎分枝数为13.6个、倒伏率为1.74%;土壤水分利用率和产量在两个氮肥水平下,均表现为种植密度120万株/hm^2>90万株/hm^2>60万株/hm^2,且在互作处理下,以施纯氮120 kg/hm^2、种植密度为120万株/hm^2的组合最好,土壤水分利用率为2.70 kg/(hm^2·mm)、产量为1504.08 kg/hm^2。【结论】在施氮量和种植密度互作条件下,以施纯氮120 kg/hm^2、种植密度为120万株/hm^2的组合,苦荞黑丰一号各项指标表现较好,产量最高,可为高产高效栽培模式做参考。
【Objective】Nitrogen application and planting density are two important technical measures affecting crop growth and increasing yield.The study on cultivation mode of tartary buckwheat under the interaction of nitrogen application and planting density can provide a theoretical basis for high-yield and efficient planting of tartary buckwheat in cool areas of the loess plateau.【Methods】The effects of nitrogen application amount(75,120 kg/hm^2 pure nitrogen)and planting density(0.6,0.9,000,1.2 million plants/hm^2)on phenological stage,plant height,branch number of main stem,lodging rate,soil water utilization rate,and yield of tartary buckwheat were analyzed by a two-factor test.【Results】Six treatments had little effect on the growth period of Heifeng No.1.Combined with the two factors,the combination of plant height,number of main stem branches and lodging rate with the application of pure nitrogen 120 kg/hm^2 and the planting density of 1.2 million plants/hm^2 performed better.Among them,the plant height was 116.87 cm,the number of main stem branches was 13.6,and the lodging rate was 1.74%.At the two nitrogen fertilizer levels,the soil water efficiency and yield were shown as planting density of1.2 million plants/hm^2>0.9 million plants/hm^2>0.6 million plants/hm^2,and under the interaction treatment,the combination of pure nitrogen application of 120 kg/hm^2 and planting density of 1.2 million plants/hm^2 was the best.Among them,the soil water utilization rate was 2.70 kg/(hm^2·mm)and the yield was 1504.08 kg/hm^2.【Conclusion】Under the condition of interaction between nitrogen application amount and density,with the combination of pure nitrogen application of 120 kg/hm^2 and planting density of 1.2 million plants/hm^2,the indexes of tartar-buckwheat Heifeng No.1 performed well and had the highest yield,which can be used as a reference for the cultivation mode of high yield and high efficiency.
作者
田再芳
靳建刚
TIAN Zaifang;JIN Jiangang(Youyu Agricultural Experimental Station,Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Youyu 037200,China)
出处
《北方农业学报》
2020年第1期19-24,共6页
Journal of Northern Agriculture
基金
山西省重点研发计划项目(201703D211002-8-4)
国家燕麦荞麦产业技术体系项目(CARS-07-G-3)。
关键词
苦荞
施氮量
种植密度
产量
Tartary buckwheat
Nitrogen application
Planting density
Yield