高速列车信息控制系统故障注入研究进展

Review of recent research on fault injection for high-speed train information control systems

高速列车信息控制系统是确保整车运行安全的关键系统之一,也是高速列车高发故障的主要来源之一.实时故障诊断是提升系统运行可靠性和安全性的有效方案之一,故障注入作为检验其是否满足车载应用要求的关键技术,是实现安全、逼真模拟系统各类故障场景的重要手段.高速列车信息控制系统结构复杂,故障场景呈现出多种复杂特性,从而使实现其有效故障注入方法和技术面临诸多挑战,如故障位置不可访问、故障场景时空变迁特性复杂和系统级故障注入架构缺乏、仿真资源受限等.本文首先综述了故障注入研究现状,对比探讨了面向实时仿真的故障注入的研究意义;然后,分析了面向实时仿真高速列车信息控制系统故障注入存在的问题,并在此基础上给出了一些解决方案;最后,指出了高速列车信息控制系统故障注入未来的研究方向.

The high-speed train information control system(HST-ICS) is one of the key systems to ensure a train’s overall safety and one of the main fault sources in high-speed trains. Real-time fault diagnosis is an effective solution for improving the system operation’s reliability and safety. To verify whether it meets the requirements of the train’s on-board applications, fault injection is an important way to realize safe and realistic simulations of various fault scenarios. The HST-ICS structure is complex, and its fault scenarios present a variety of complex features, such as an inaccessible fault location, temporal and spatial transition characteristics, lack of system-level fault injection architecture, and simulation resource constraints. These scenarios make effective fault injection challenging. First, this paper reviews the state-of-the-art fault injection and discusses the significance of real-time simulation-oriented fault injection(RTS-FI). Then, the challenges of RTS-FI for HST-ICS are analyzed further,and some solutions are provided. Finally, future research regarding fault injection for HST-ICS is discussed.