疫情心理时空距离对公众情绪的影响研究——基于新冠肺炎疫期微博文本面板数据的计算分析

On the Influence of Temporal and Spatial Distance from Epidemic on Public Sentiment: A Computational Analysis Based on Panel Data of Weibo Text about COVID-19

流行性传染病危机发生时疫情信息如何影响公众情绪是一个兼具理论与现实意义的重要问题。解释水平理论认为,心理距离是影响解释水平也即社会认知的关键。以该理论为视角,挖掘新冠肺炎疫情初期甘肃、青海与西藏三个省级行政区微博文本形成面板数据进行情感分析、词频分析及GLS、GMM估计模型分析发现:第一,在一定的地理概念范围内,疫情心理空间距离并不存在对公众情绪的固定影响;第二,由于启动效应与图式加工两种认知机制的共同作用,疫情心理时间距离的缩短会导致公众情绪变得更加负面,存在"情绪下沉效应";此外,特定时间出现的疫情相关新闻事件也会导致公众情绪产生相应的波动,存在"情绪脉冲效应"。

How the epidemic messages affects the public sentiment is an important issue with both theoretical and practical value.According to Construal Level Theory(CLT),psychological distance is the key variable to affect construal level in social cognition.Based on CLT,the panel data of Weibo text from Gansu,Qinghai and Tibet at the early period of COVID-19 epidemic are collected and analyzed.Sentimental analysis,statistics of word frequency,GLS and GMM estimation models revealed that:First,within a certain geographical perception,the spatial distance from epidemic do not have a fixed effect on public sentiment;Second,as a result of the priming effect and schema processing,the shortening of temporal distance from the epidemic will lead to more negative public sentiment,which is called Emotional Sinking Effect.In addition,news events at a specific time related to the epidemic will also lead to corresponding fluctuations in public sentiment,which is called Emotional Pulse Effect.