基于纳米纤维素的复合材料研究进展

Research Progress of Nanocellulose-based Composites

纳米纤维素具有优异的力学性能、生物可降解性和生物活性。以纳米纤维素为载体或增强相,制备功能复合材料,可以集成各组分的性能并产生新的性能,形成水凝胶、气凝胶、膜,在制浆造纸、组织工程、电磁屏蔽以及水处理等领域具有潜在的应用前景。本文综述了3种纳米纤维素的特点和制备方法,并对其潜在应用进行了比较;从水凝胶、气凝胶、电磁屏蔽、抗菌四个方面介绍了纳米纤维素功能复合材料的研究进展。最后,简要总结了纳米纤维素功能复合材料的发展方向,以期为纳米纤维素复合材料的应用提供参考,开辟纳米纤维素功能化应用新途径。

Nanocellulose has excellent mechanical properties,biodegradability and biological activity.Using nanocellulose as matrix or reinforcing phase,functional composites can be prepared by integrating the properties of each component and producing new properties,forming hydrogels,aerogels and membranes.It has potential applications in pulp and paper,tissue engineering,electromagnetic shielding,and water treatment.In this paper,the characteristics and preparation methods of three kinds of nanofibers are reviewed,and their potential applications are compared.The research progress of nanocellulose composites is introduced from four aspects including hydrogel,aerogel,electromagnetic shielding,and antibacterialmatetials.Finally,the development trend of nanocellulose composites is summarized.The purpose of this review article is to open up a new way for the functional applications of nanocellulose.