中国和印度黍稷的遗传差异分析

Genetic Diversity Analysis of Broomcorn Millet Germplasm from China and India

利用SSR标记分析黍稷种质资源的遗传多样性,以揭示不同来源黍稷种质资源的亲缘关系和遗传群体结构差异,为黍稷起源进化研究奠定基础。采用80对黍稷特异性SSR标记对56份黍稷材料进行PCR扩增,通过进行遗传参数、聚类、主成分、遗传结构等分析,评估不同群体间的遗传多样性,以探讨遗传结构差异。结果表明,中国黍稷资源的多样性指数(0.8467±0.1528)和多态性信息含量(0.4458)均高于印度资源(0.8380±0.1435,0.3948),遗传多样性更丰富;根据UPGMA聚类,将56份材料划分为4个类群,其中,类群Ⅰ有21份,主要包括印度黍稷,其他类群主要为中国黍稷;利用Structure进行群体遗传结构分析,结果显示,56份材料被划分为3个群组,其中,类群ⅰ和类群ⅱ主要包括印度黍稷,类群ⅲ主要包括中国黍稷;主成分分析结果表明,56份黍稷材料共划分为5个类群,这5个类群划分界限清楚,种群结构明显,不同的黍稷有严格的地理分布。

To reveal the genetic relationship and genetic population structure differences of different sources of broomcorn millet germplasm resources and lay a foundation for the study on the origin and evolution of broomcorn millet,the genetic diversity level of broomcorn millet germplasm resources were analyzed by using SSR markers.In this study,80 pairs of broomcorn millet specific SSR markers were used to carry out PCR amplification of 56 pieces of broomcorn millet materials.Through the analysis of genetic parameters,clustering,principal component and genetic structure,the genetic diversity of different groups was evaluated to explore the differences in genetic structure.The results showed that the diversity index(0.8467±0.1528)and polymorphism information content(0.4458)of broomcorn millet resources in China were both higher than Indian(0.8380±0.1435,0.3948),and its genetic diversity was more abundant.According to UPGMA clustering,56 materials were divided into 4 groups.21 copies of the first group,mainly included Indian broomcorn millet,and the other groups mainly included Chinese broomcorn millet.Using Structure to analyze the genetic structure of population,the results showed that 56 materials were divided into 3 groups.Among them,group i and group ii mainly included Indian broomcorn millet,group iii mainly included Chinese broomcorn millet.The results of principal component analysis showed that 56 samples of broomcorn millet were divided into 5 groups,which had clear demarcation line,obvious population structure,and the different broomcorn millet had strict geographical distribution.