不同浓度明矾对康乃馨切花的保鲜效应

Fresh-keeping Effects of Different Concentrations of Alum on Cut Carnation Flowers

【目的】探究不同浓度明矾对康乃馨切花的保鲜效果,为康乃馨开发保鲜剂提供借鉴。【方法】以小桃红康乃馨为材料,3%蔗糖+200 mg/L柠檬酸+200 mg/L 8-HQS为基础液,在基础液中分别加入不同浓度明矾进行瓶插试验,研究康乃馨切花的瓶插寿命、鲜重变化率及其他生理生化变化情况。【结果】不同浓度明矾处理延长了康乃馨瓶插寿命,其中基础液添加180 mg/L明矾处理效果最佳,比空白对照延长切花瓶插寿命3.5 d。瓶插过程中,该处理切花鲜重变化率瓶插6 d后保持较高水平;瓶插4 d后,水分平衡值小于0,比对照延迟了出现水分平衡值为负的时间,保持较好的吸水保水能力。可溶性糖含量比对照高,增加细胞液浓度,瓶插3 d后POD和CAT活性比对照高,有效清除活性氧自由基,瓶插6 d后康乃馨切花花瓣相对电导率和MDA含量低于对照,有利于康乃馨花瓣细胞膜完整性,增强抗逆性,延缓衰老。【结论】基础液添加180 mg/L明矾处理有效延长了康乃馨的瓶插寿命,改善康乃馨切花体内的水分状况,提高酶活性清除更多的自由基,降低相对电导率和MDA含量,保持细胞膜的完整性;提高可溶性糖含量,调节细胞渗透压,延缓衰老,延长康乃馨切花的保鲜期。

The study was to explore the effects of different concentrations of alum on the preservation of cut carnation flowers and provide references for the development of preservatives for carnation.【Method】With pink carnations as tested materials and 3%sucrose+200 mg/L citric acid+200 mg/L 8-HQS as the basic liquid(CK),different concentrations of alum were added to the basic liquid to conduct a vase holding test to study the vase life,fresh weight change rates and other physiological and biochemical changes of carnation cut flowers.【Result】Treatments with different concentrations of alum could extend the vase life of carnations.Among all treatments,the effect of basic liquid+180 mg/L alum was the best.Compared with the CK,the vase life was extended by 3.5 days.During the vase holding process,the fresh weight change rate of cut flowers remained at a high level after 6 days.On the 4th day,the water balance value was less than 0,which appeared 1 day later than that of CK,and had better water absorption and retention capacity.The soluble sugar content was higher than that of CK,which could increase the concentration of cell fluid.After treatment for 3 days,the activities of POD and CAT were higher than those of CK,which effectively scavenged the active oxygen free radicals After treatment for 6 days,the relative conductivity and MDA content of petals of cut carnation flowers were lower than those of CK,which were conducive to maintaining the membrane integrity,strengthening the stress resistance and delaying the aging of the petals.【Conclusion】Basic liquid+180 mg/L alum could effectively extend the vase life of the carnation,improve the water status of cut carnation flowers increase the enzyme activity to remove more free radicals,reduce the relative conductivity and MDA content,protect the integrity of the cell membrane,increase the content of soluble sugar,regulate the osmotic pressure of cells and delay aging to prolong the preservation period of cut carnation flowers.