摘要
近年来我国进口呈现快速增长的趋势,而进口发展的同时也带来竞争,那么进口竞争对工资的影响如何?本文基于工业企业数据库,研究进口竞争对工资影响的大小及机制。结果发现,进口竞争对工资产生显著的负向影响,并且该负向影响主要来自于私企和外资企业、出口和非出口且非国有企业以及沿海地区企业工资增长率的下降。机制检验结果显示,进口竞争通过降低企业的成本加成,从而降低企业的利润,进而降低工资的增长率。最后,文章按劳动者的技能水平划分,进一步研究受进口竞争影响更大的劳动群体。结果显示,低技能劳动者的工资受进口竞争的负向影响更大。文章的研究为完善我国社会保障制度,应对国际竞争提供了相关的政策与建议。
Based on Chinese industrial enterprise database, this paper studies the influence of import competition on wages and its mechanism. The research results show that import competition has a significant negative effect on wages, and this negative effect mainly comes from the decline of the wage growth rate of private and foreign enterprises, export and non-export non-state-owned enterprises as well as coastal enterprises. The results of mechanism tests indicate that import competition reduces the wage growth rate by decreasing the markup as well as the profits of the enterprises. The results reveal that the wages of low-skilled workers are more negatively affected by import competition. Finally, the paper provides the relevant policies and suggestions for the improvement of China’s social security system and the response to international competition.
作者
李柔
岳云嵩
张鹏杨
LI Rou;YUE Yun-song;ZHANG Peng-yang
出处
《国际经贸探索》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第5期51-68,共18页
International Economics and Trade Research
基金
国家自然科学基金青年项目“价值链视角下进口对工资影响的测度、机制检验及政策模拟研究”(71903043)
广西民族大学引进人才科研启动项目“进口竞争对工资影响的理论及实证研究”(2018SKQD17)
广西民族大学“相思湖青年学者创新团队”(广西开放型经济发展与金融创新研究团队)。
关键词
进口竞争
成本加成
工资
工具变量
import competition
markup
wage
instrumental variable
