花椒不同提取方法传导麻醉作用及成分鉴定

Study on the effects of conduction anesthesia and component identification of different extraction methods of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

目的:研究花椒不同提取方法的传导麻醉作用,并对其进行成分鉴定。方法:以大鼠离体坐骨神经法测定花椒不同提取方法的传导麻醉作用,并以超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用技术(UPLC-QTOF-MS)法鉴定其化学成分。结果:蒸馏水组大鼠离体坐骨神经神经传导最低电位为(-39.32±1.12)mV,最高电位为(10.86±0.77)mV;盐酸利多卡因组最低电位为(-8.91±1.05)mV,最高电位为(2.38±0.38)mV;0.1g/mL水回流提取液组最低电位为(-22.94±2.88)mV,最高电位为(6.80±0.99)mV;0.2g/mL水回流提取液组最低电位为(-11.78±2.52)mV,最高电位为(3.37±1.01)mV。0.2g/mL花椒水回流提取液与盐酸利多卡因作用类似,均能降低大鼠坐骨神经传导最高电位且升高大鼠坐骨神经传导最低电位。经鉴定,花椒水回流提取液主要含黄酮类、酰胺类、香豆素类及酚类化合物。结论:花椒水回流提取液神经传导麻醉作用类似于盐酸利多卡因,且与羟基-γ-异山椒素、羟基-γ-山椒素、羟基-α-山椒素等化合物相关。

Objective: To study the conduction anesthetic effect of different extraction methods of Zanthoxylum bungeanum and identify its components. Methods: The conduction anesthetic effects of different extraction methods of Zanthoxylum bungeanum were determined by isolated rat sciatic nerve method. The chemical constituents of Zanthoxylum bungeanum were identified by UPLC-TOF-MS method. Results: The lowest potential of isolated sciatic nerve conduction in pure water group was(-39.32±1.12)mV, the highest potential was(10.86±0.77)mV;in lidocaine hydrochloride group, the lowest potential in lidocaine hydrochloride group was(-8.91±1.05)mV, the highest potential was(2.38±0.38)mV;in 0.1 g/mL Zanthoxylum bungeanum water reflux extraction group, the lowest potential was(-22.94±2.88)mV, the highest potential was(6.80±0.99)mV in lidocaine hydrochloride group;in 0.2 g/mL Zanthoxylum bungeanum water reflux extract group, the lowest potential was(-11.78±2.52)mV, and the highest potential was(3.37±1.01)mV. Both Zanthoxylum bungeanum water reflux extract and lidocaine hydrochloride could significantly decrease the highest sciatic nerve conduction potential and increase the lowest sciatic nerve conduction potential in rats. It was identified that the reflux extract of Zanthoxylum bungeanum mainly contained flavonoids, amides, coumarins and phenols. Conclusion: The nerve conduction anesthetic effect of Zanthoxylum bungeanum water reflux extract is similar to that of lidocaine hydrochloride. And it is related to hydroxy-γ-isophorin, hydroxy-γ-capsaicin, hydroxy-α-capsaicin and other compounds.