一株侧耳属野生菌的分离鉴定及初步驯化栽培

Identification and cultivation of a wild Pleurotus ostreatus

从天津宝坻区采集了一株野生真菌,对其进行分离鉴定。通过提取供试野生菌株的基因组,对其18S rDNA序列进行了扩增、测序,将所测的基因序列提交到GeneBank中进行BLAST比对,选取相似性较高的菌株,构建出系统发育树。利用18S rDNA序列分析法与传统分类法相结合的方法,鉴定出该野生真菌属担子菌纲(Basidiomycetes),伞菌目(Agaricales),侧耳科(Pleurotaceae),侧耳属(Pleurotus),为平菇菌株。进一步采用瓶栽技术驯化栽培子实体获得成功,平均有效生物学转化率可达50.4%。

The object of this paper was to isolate and identify a wild fungus which was obtained from Baodi district,Tianjin city.The genomic DNA of the wild fungus was extracted and used as templates for the 18S rDNA gene PCR amplification.The 18S rDNA gene fragments were sequenced later.Multiple sequence alignmentwas operated by BLAST in GeneBank.Then other known species with high homology were used for the phylogenetic tree construction.By the 18S rDNA sequence analysis combined with morphological classification,results showed that the fungus belonged to the Basidiomycetes,Agaricales,Pleurotaceae,Pleurotus ostreatus.The fruiting body was cultivated successfully and the average biological efficiency of the first harvest was 50.4%.