基于人类安全理念的全球卫生治理升级

Upgrading Global Health Governance: A Human Security Perspective

当前全球卫生治理中以人类安全为价值基点的理念缺失造成治理低效、滞后和错位,新冠肺炎疫情的全球暴发进一步凸显全球卫生治理体系的脆弱性。全球卫生治理面临着挑战的全球性与治理的国别性、普遍性与机制的非均衡性、紧迫性与行动的迟缓性、严峻性与治理理念的欠缺性四个现实困境。中国在参与全球卫生治理的实践中,以人类安全理念为引领,发展与保护维度并重,积极参与国际合作。基于此,全球卫生治理需要在三个方面升级,即形成治理共识,推动国际社会在危机中形成共同体意识;改革治理机制,充分释放各个治理主体的平台优势;优化治理方式,注重综合性全链条治理。由此可以形成理念、机制、行动一体的全球合作。

The many problems that have long plagued global health governance can be attributed to the absence of a human security-centered approach to health crises.The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic only underscores the longstanding deficiencies,contradictions,and shortfalls in the current global health regime.Infectious diseases in a globalized world rarely stay within the country where they originate.But prevention and control efforts across the world remain country-specific.Nations respond to pandemics with varying senses of urgency,making global consensus and coordination extremely difficult if not impossible.Human security,both as a concept and an approach,has guided China’s response to major infectious diseases over the past decades.In practice,Beijing has attached equal importance to development and protection as the most important dimensions of human security.The reform agenda that will enable the global health regime to better handle future health crises must involve three lines of efforts:building a broad-based consensus that humanity is a large health community;strengthening various health institutions at the bilateral,regional,and global levels;and forming a comprehensive health resource network that can facilitate coordinated,effective,and flexible global responses.