横轧对6016铝合金组织及力学性能的影响

Effects of Cross-Rolling on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of 6016 Aluminum Alloy

采用金相显微镜(OM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、电子背散射衍射(EBSD)、万能拉伸试验机等研究了横轧对6016铝合金的组织和力学性能的影响,并与常规轧制工艺进行了对比。结果表明:6016铝合金热轧板材具有较强的β取向线织构,冷轧后普通轧制板材织构表现出典型的"唇式"冷轧织构特征,横轧使得原位于β取向线上的织构经{011}<322>取向流向B’{011}<111>,S’{123}<17 22 9>和C’{112}<110>,弱化了强的形变织构,形成随机织构;6016铝合金冷轧板材表现为典型的纤维组织形状,而横轧板材晶粒沿轧制方向拉长的程度小于普通轧制板材;普通轧制6016铝合金板材再结晶织构组分以Cube和Cube+ND15为主,而横轧板材则形成了强的(φ1=20°,Φ=30°,φ2=0°)织构;T4态横轧板材的强度值、延伸率和杯突深度值(IE)值高于普通轧制板材;T4态横轧板材的塑性应变比(r)值要高于T4态普通轧制板材,各向异性(Δr)值要低于普通轧制板材,表明横轧有效改善了6016铝合金板材的成形性能。

The effects of cross-rolling on the microstructure and mechanical properties of 6016 aluminum alloy were studied by optical microscope(OM),X-ray diffractometry(XRD),electron backscattered diffraction(EBSD) and tensile testing machine,and the results were compared to the nonnal rolling.The results showed that the hot rolled 6016 aluminum alloy sheet had relative strong(3 orientation line texture.The texture of nonnal rolled sheet showed typical "lip type" cold rolling texture characteristics after cold rolling.The(3 orientation line textures were transformed into the B’{011}<111>,S’{123}<17 22 9> and C’{112}<110> orientations via {011}<322> orientation by cross-rolling,which weakened the strong deformation texture and formed random texture.The cold rolled 6016 aluminum alloy sheet exhibited typical fiber structure shape,while the grain elongation along rolling direction of cross rolled sheet was less than that of nonnal rolled sheet.The texture components of nonnal rolled sheets were mainly consisted of Cube and Cube+ND15,the strong(φ1=20°,Φ=30°,φ2=0°) texture were formed in the cross rolled sheets.The strength,elongation and cupping depth(IE) of cross rolled T4 state sheet were higher than those of nonnal rolled sheet,the plastic strain ratio(r) of cross rolled T4 state sheet was higher than that of nonnal rolled sheet,and the value of anisotropy(Δr) was lower than that of ordinary rolling sheet,which indicated that cross rolling could effectively improve the fonnability of 6016 aluminum alloy sheet.