摘要
城市道路与自然环境均属于公共资产,具有消费的非排他性与非竞争性,而机动车的消费又具有负外部性,因此无论交通网络如何完善,机动车尾气排放技术如何先进,相较于城市交通顺畅和环境保护而言,城镇人口稠密地区的机动车保有量一般说来必定会超过合理的数量。控制机动车的保有量,并非是将机动车的数量压缩到环境保护和交通系统的承载能力所认可的那个最佳水平上,而是综合考虑各方面的因素,将机动车的数量压缩到社会福利最佳的水平上。建议根据全社会环境保护以及交通系统发展的总体规划,计算得出本地区的机动车最佳规模;然后根据本地区人口的最大载荷,计算出人均机动车的保有量;再得出相应居民户可以法定保有的机动车最大数量,每个居民户都可以根据家庭需要,进行购车指标的交易。
Both urban roads and natural environment are non-rival and non-exclusive public goods,and driving a car causes negative externality.Therefore,in most cases,the number of private vehicles exceeds the optimal target regardless of traffic managements and emission technology improvements.Controlling the quantity of the private vehicles is not to ration the number within the capacity of transportation or natural environments,but to the optimal level required by the social welfare after comprehensively considering influencing factors.It is suggested that calculating the optimal private vehicles in the region according to the overall plan of the environmental protection and transportation development,then calculating the number of private vehicles per person by taking population size into account,and then calculating the optimal number of private vehicles owned by each household,finally trading the car quota freely according to their demand.
作者
曹文
李德荃
曹原
CAO Wen;LI Dequan;CAO Yuan(School of Public Finance and Taxation,Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,China;School of Finance,Shandong University of Finance and Economics,Jinan 250014,China;School of International Economics and Management,Capital University of Economics and Business,Beijing 100070,China)
出处
《经济与管理评论》
CSSCI
北大核心
2020年第4期122-132,共11页
Review of Economy and Management
基金
山东省社会科学基金项目“促进农业人口就业的财政与金融激励机制研究”(17CJJJ04)。
关键词
私家车
私家车使用权市场
纳什均衡解
演化稳定均衡解
private vehicles
usage right market of private vehicles
Nash equilibrium
Evolutionary stability equilibrium