医学生生命价值观和共情与亲社会倾向的关系研究

Relationship between life values empathy and prosocial tendencies of medical students

目的:探讨医学生生命价值观与亲社会倾向的关系,以及共情在其关系间的中介作用。方法:本研究于2018年3月至2018年6月实施,选取上海交通大学医学院、上海中医药大学、上海健康医学院、南京医科大学、内蒙古医科大学等5所医学院校的528名医学生为研究对象,采用大学生生命价值观量表、青少年亲社会倾向量表和杰弗逊共情量表对其进行调查。同时,使用结构方程模型探讨共情在医学生生命价值观与亲社会倾向关系间的中介作用。结果:医学生生命价值观与共情及其3个维度、亲社会倾向均存在正相关,相关系数介于0.19~0.55。共情及其观点采择维度与亲社会倾向存在正相关,相关系数分别为0.32和0.61;情感关注维度、换位思考维度与亲社会倾向没有相关。中介效应检验表明,生命价值观既可以直接正向预测医学生的亲社会倾向( β=0.57, P<0.01),也可以通过共情的观点采择维度间接预测医学生的亲社会倾向( β=0.17, P <0.01)。 结论:医学生共情与生命价值观和亲社会倾向密切相关,共情在生命价值观与亲社会倾向之间起着部分中介作用。

Objective To explore the relationship between life values and prosocial tendencies of medical students and the mediating effect of empathy.Methods From March to June 2018,528 medical students were selected from five medical colleges including Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine,Shanghai University of Medicine&Health Sciences,Nanjing Medical University,Inner Mongolia Medical University.Using the College Students'Life Values Scale,the Adolescent Prosocial Tendency Scale,and the Jefferson's Empathy Scale(JSE)to investigate.And the structural equation model was used to research the mediating effect of empathy on relationship between life values and prosocial tendencies.Results There was a positive correlation between the life values and empathy and it's three dimensions,as well as prosocial tendencies,the correlation coefficient is between 0.19 and 0.55.There was a positive correlation between empathy and perspective taking and prosocial tendencies,the correlation coefficients are 0.32 and 0.61 respectively;While there was no correlation between emotional nursing and transpositional consideration and prosocial tendencies.Path analysis revealed that life values predicted directly prosocial tendencies(β=0.57,P<0.01),and predicted prosocial tendencies through empathy(β=0.17,P<0.01).Conclusions The empathy may be associated with life values and prosocial tendencies and play a partial mediating effect between life values and prosocial tendencies in medical students.